Une alimentation diversifiée est nécessaire pour apporter à l'organisme l'essentiel des nutriments dont il a besoin pour son fonctionnement. L'objectif de ce travail a été d'évaluer la consommation alimentaire des ménages dans la partie Nord du Burkina Faso et d'identifier les déterminants de la diversité alimentaire. L'évaluation de la diversité alimentaire a été réalisée à partir du calcul du score de diversité alimentaire des ménages à l'aide de l'outil RHoMIS (Rural Household Multiple Indicator Survey). Une enquête a été conduite auprès de 300 ménages pour caractériser le profil socio-économique et la consommation alimentaire au sein de ces ménages. La valeur moyenne du score de diversité alimentaire des ménages pour une période de référence de 7 jours, a été de 7,3 (0,1) durant la période favorable et de 5,7 (0,1) durant la période de soudure. Les céréales ont constitué l'aliment énergétique de base et le niébé a représenté l'essentiel des aliments protéiques, la consommation des produits d'origine animale étant faible. Les résultats montrent que le nombre de cultures produites par le ménage et les revenus agricoles ne sont pas positivement associés à la diversité alimentaire élevée. Seul le revenu provenant de l'orpaillage est associé positivement à une diversité alimentaire élevée.

Key messages Decentralized governance of natural resources is considered one of the key strategies for promoting sustainable management of natural resources at local level.  Local institutions governing natural resource management can serve as viable policy instruments to promote equitable and sustainable use of natural resources, and reduce conflict if strengthened through appropriate and inclusive processes involving the local communities and the State agencies.  Strengthening local conventions management of natural resources is essential to maintain a healthy natural resource base for sustainable intensification of crop and livestock production systems.This poster is licensed for use under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence. January 2017We thank farmers and local partners in Africa RISING sites for their contributions to this research. We also acknowledge the support of all donors which globally support the work of the CGIAR centers and their partners through their contributions to the CGIAR system Objectives and approach• The purpose of this study was to document and analyze the existing local conventions in mixed crop-livestock systems of southern Mali and to examine the factors that influence the level of participation of farmers in elaborations of local conventions.• Research approach -Qualitative research approach such as group discussions and individual interviews of key stakeholders were used to gather information on local conventions governing natural resources in southern Mali.

Abstract. West African Sahelian and Sudanian ecosystems are providing essential services to people and also play a significant role within the global carbon cycle. However, climate and land use are dynamically changing and it remains uncertain how these changes will affect the potential of these regions for providing food and fodder resources or the biosphere-atmosphere exchange of CO2. In this study, we investigate the capacity of a process-based biogeochemical model, LandscapeDNDC, to simulate net ecosystem exchange (NEE) and aboveground biomass of typical managed and natural Sahelian and Sudanian savanna ecosystems. We tested the model for various sites with different proportions of trees and grasses, as well as for the most typical arable cropping systems of the region. In order to describe the phenological development with a common parameterization across all ecosystem types, we introduced soil-water availability in addition to temperature as a driver as seasonal soil water-shortage is a common feature for all these systems. The new approach was tested by using a sample of sites (calibration sites) that provided NEE from flux tower observations and leaf area index data from satellite images (MODIS). For assessing the simulation accuracy, we applied the calibrated model to 42 additional sites (validation sites) across West Africa for which measured aboveground biomass data were available. The model showed a good performance regarding simulated biomass development. Overall, the comparison of simulated and observed biomass at sites with a dominating land cover of crops, grass or trees yielded correlation coefficients of 0.82, 0.94, and 0.77 and the Root Mean Square Error of 0.15, 0.22, and 0.12 kg m−2, respectively. In absolute terms, the model results indicate above-ground carbon stocks up to 1733, 3291, and 5377 kg C ha−1 yr−1 for agricultural, savanna grasslands, and savanna mixed tree-grassland sites. Carbon stocks as well as exchange rates correlated in particular with the abundance of trees. The simulations indicate higher grass biomass and crop yields under more humid climatic conditions as can be found in the Sudanian savanna region. Our study shows the capability of LandscapeDNDC to accurately simulate carbon balances in natural and agricultural ecosystems in semi-arid West Africa under a wide range of conditions, so that it might be used to assess the impact of land-use and climate change on the regional biomass productivity.

The objective of this study was to assess the productivity of small ruminant through the introduction of improved healthcare and feeding strategies into small ruminant production systems. The General Linear Model of SAS was used to compare means after fitting sources of variation to models. Growth rate of treatment animals was higher than that of control animals (P<0.05). Lambs grew about twice as fast as kids (P<0.05). Lower mortality rate was observed in treatment animals compared to control (P<0.05), partly contributing to higher birth rate observed in treatment animals (P<0.0001). A strong interaction was observed between community and type of animal (P<0.001). A net gain of US$5.65 was observed for each treatment animal compared to US $8.58/control animal (P<0.05). However, these profit margins were significantly affected (P<0.05) by the management practices of the farmers. The package resulted in increased birth rates so the concentrate feed could be tried on pregnant and lactating females.

different herds is shown in Figure 1 with the confidence interval of the mean. The FEC of the non resistant herd grazing with heifers (M0) is significantly higher than the FEC of the 2 resistant herds (M1 and R1).The effect of selection improves the ability of the does to control parasite infection. The effect of the grazing mode was not significant enough to explain the difference between the herds for the FEC. Conclusion and perspectives These first results suggest a better resistance to GIN of the resistant-selected herds (M1 and R1) compared to the non resistant herd grazing with heifers (M0). However, doe infection is one aspect of the comparison. The performance of the herds will also be studied using other parameters like PCV and EOSI to assess the parasite infection characteristics. The kid average daily gain (ADG) will allow estimating the milk output of the does (ADG 10 to 30 day) and the kid growth potential (ADG 30 to 70 day). The estimates of the litter weight at weaning and of the doe and cattle weight variations will allow comparing the productivity of the four herds.