Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is one of the most consumed agricultural products in the world. Its production is affected by common bacterial blight (CBB) caused by Xanthomonas citri pv. fuscans and X. phaseoli pv. phaseoli. In this work, we investigated the spectrum, genetics, and inheritance of common bean resistance to X. citri pv. fuscans. Inoculation of nine selected cultivars with an X. citri pv. fuscans strain showed that BRS Radiante and IAPAR 16 were resistant. These two cultivars were also resistant to six X. phaseoli pv. phaseoli strains of different geographic origins, demonstrating their broad-spectrum resistances. BRS Radiante sustained smaller X. citri pv. fuscans populations than two susceptible cultivars. Stomatal densities of IAPAR 16 and BRS Radiante were significantly higher than or not different from susceptible cultivars. BRS Radiante showed the lowest general combining ability values and the combination BRS Radiante × Carioca MG the lowest specific combining ability (SCA) values, revealing the capacity of BRS Radiante to increase resistance to X. citri pv. fuscans. Positive and negative parental SCA values indicated dominant and recessive genes involved in X. citri pv. fuscans resistance. Resistance of the BRS Radiante × Carioca MG cross segregated in a 9:7 ratio in the F2 population, indicating that it is governed by two complementary dominant genes. Maximum likelihood analysis showed that the resistance of BRS Radiante to X. citri pv. fuscans is conferred by a gene of major effect with contribution of additional polygenes. This study contributes with important knowledge on the resistance against CBB in Brazilian common bean cultivars as well as with molecular tools for confirmation of common bean hybrids.

O Mercado de pimentas ornamentais está crescendo nos últimos anos, nacionalmente e internacionalmente, e tem estimulado o desenvolvimento de programas de melhoramento visando novas variedades de pimenta com caracteres desejáveis para o mercado ornamental. O uso da análise fatorial é uma técnica multivariada que permite reduzir um conjunto de variáveis em um número reduzido de fatores latentes, o que facilita o estudo de um conjunto de dados.  O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o potencial ornamental de genótipos de pimenta com base em análise fatorial. Foram avaliados 29 genótipos de Capsicum annnuum, com base em 12 características quantitativas, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 5 repetições. As 12 características avaliadas foram resumidas em 3 fatores: qualidade de fruto (8 variáveis), porte da planta (2 variáveis) e arquitetura de planta (2 variáveis). Dentro de cada fator então as variáveis que são altamente correlacionadas. Os valores dos fatores foram preditos através dos escores. Por meio destes foram confeccionados gráficos para verificar o comportamento dos genótipos de C. annuum em relação aos fatores obtidos. 12 genótipos foram selecionados como os de maior potencial para ornamentação, podendo ser utilizados em futuros cruzamentos.

The present work had as main objective to use factor analysis to describe the structure of variability of characteristics considered commercially important in ornamental pepper, aiming to summarize the information contained in such variables in a smaller number of latent variables or factors. For that, 12 quantitative traits were evaluated in 29 pepper genotypes (Capsicum annuum). Of the factors created, 3 presented practical interpretation, grouping a total of 12 variables into factors related to “fruit quality” (8 variables), “plant size” (2 variables) and “plant architecture” (2 variables).

Peppers of the Capsicum annuum species are the most suitable for use in ornamentation, for having characters that confer aesthetic value, for being easy to cultivate and for good adaptability in pot. Despite the great variability that exists, in Brazil few commercial varieties are used for this purpose. It is of interest to the plant breeder, an ideotype that contains all the characteristics of interest for commercialization. The aim of the present study is to evaluate and select C. annuum genotypes, with potential for ornamentation that most closely resemble the proposed ideotype. 14 quantitative traits and seven qualitative traits were evaluated in 29 C. annuum genotypes, in a completely randomized design with five replications. The cultivar Calypso was used as an ideotype for presenting desirable characters to the ornamental pepper market. Nine genotypes were selected as the most similar to the Calypso ideotype (ideotype), with the potential to be used in future crossings between them and / or with the ideotype.

Common bean is one of the main legumes used for food worldwide. Among the main limitations for its production is common bacterial blight (CBB) caused by Xanthomonas citri pv. fuscans (Xcf). The most desirable method to control the disease is the use of plant genetic resistance, but resistance against Xcf has not been sufficiently investigated. Genetic studies have shown that resistance to CBB is of quantitative type, but no gene associated with resistance has been identified. Here, we aimed to determine the resistance to CBB of 103 Mesoamerican common bean cultivars by evaluating disease severity and the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) after inoculation with a Xcf strain. In addition, 80 of the evaluated cultivars were used to investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the resistance phenotype in a genome‐wide association study (GWAS). Twenty‐nine cultivars were classified as highly resistant, 15 of which are shown to be resistant to CBB for the first time in this work. A positive correlation between AUDPC and disease severity was observed. The 10 SNPs with the highest −log10(p) values in the GWAS are located on bean chromosomes Pv01, Pv03, Pv06, Pv07, Pv08, Pv09, Pv10, and Pv11 within or near genes predicted to code for biochemical functions such as serine/threonine‐protein kinase, glutamine synthase, lectin domain protein, MADS‐domain transcription factor, and pentatricopeptide repeat protein, previously associated with immunity. This work identifies common bean germplasm resistant to Xcf, molecular markers for germplasm selection, and genes potentially involved in the resistance response.