Abstrak. Orang tua yang memiliki lebih dari satu anak berkebutuhan khusus mengalami berbagai permasalahan yang lebih instens. Orang tua juga dituntut untuk mengusahakan yang terbaik dengan keterbatasan yang dimiliki oleh anak mereka tersebut. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan oleh orang tua untuk mengusahakan yang terbaik bagi anak, dibalik permasalahan yang mereka alami adalah dengan bersyukur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kebersyukuran pada orang tua yang memiliki lebih dari satu anak berkebutuhan khusus. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara. Partisipan penelitian berjumlah empat orang yang terdiri dari dua orang tua yang memiliki lebih dari satu anak berkebutuhan khusus. Prosedur analisa data menggunakan metode Moustakas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa orang tua yang bersyukur ketika memiliki lebih dari satu anak berkebutuhan khusus, akan selalu mendoakan anak sebagai bentuk rasa syukur kepada Tuhan, menerima keadaan anak, mengusahakan yang terbaik untuk anak, memiliki afek yang positif dan merasakan kepuasan hidup, memiliki sifat prososial, mengalami peningkatan dari segi ibadah, mengambil hikmah dari kondisi anak dan mengikuti acara yang berhubungan dengan keterbatasan anak. Selain itu, orang tua juga akan belajar dari pengalaman pengasuhan terhadap anak yang berkebutuhan khusus sebelumnya. Kebersyukuran pada orang tua dipengaruhi oleh faktor religiusitas, dukungan sosial dan kondisi anak.Kata kunci : Anak berkebutuhan khusus, Kebersyukuran, Orang tua

Background Atopic diseases are common in children and a serious health problem worldwide. Atopic dermatitis, food allergies, asthma and allergic rhinitis, have been described as the natural progression of allergic diseases, also known as the "allergic march". Cow's milk protein is known to be a common trigger of food allergies and hypersensitivity reactions during infancy.Objective To give an overview of the breast milk substitutes (BMS) and incidence of early allergy onset (allergic march) in atopic infants aged 0-6 months.Methods This cross-sectional study included a total of 40 atopic infants collected by consecutive sampling. A questionnaire was used for interview that inquired information on the type of BMS used, initial allergy complaints, the age of the emergence of early allergic symptoms, and the breakdown for BMS type. Univariate analysis was carried out to describe their characteristics as frequency distributions and percentages of each variables. ResultsAtopic dermatitis and wheezing were more common in boys (62.5%). Atopic dermatitis was the most common initial symptom to occur in atopic infants (52.5%). Atopic dermatitis and wheezing occurred together in 27.5% subjects. Early allergy symptoms that first occurred at the age of 1 month were seen in 42.9% for atopic dermatitis category, 37.5% for wheezing category, and 63.6% for both symptoms category, respectively. Cow's milk was the most common type of BMS given to atopic infants in the first 6 months of life (47.5%). ConclusionEarly symptoms of allergies, such as atopic dermatitis and wheezing, are more common in boys than girls. Atopic dermatitis is the most common early symptom to arise, but both symptoms occur at an early age, often during the first month of life. [Paediatr Indones. 2015;55:13-7.].

Allergic rhinitis is common chronic disease in children and the incidence increases in children aged over 5 years. Exclusive breastfeeding may reduce the risk of allergic rhinitis due to its antiallergen and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to find the difference between children who were exclusively breastfed and did not exclusively breastfed to the incidence of allergic rhinitis in children. This analytic comparative with cross sectional study was conducted in Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh. Data collected from medical records and questionnaires completed by parents. A total of 35 children aged 5 to 18 years were collected using accidental sampling. The results shown 20 (57.1%) children had a history of exclusive breastfeeding and 15 (42.9%) children had a history of non-exclusive breastfeeding. About 22 (62.9 %) children suffering from intermittent allergic rhinitis, while other 13 (37.1 %) children suffering persistent allergic rhinitis. Fisher's exact test results shown statistically significant difference between Exclusive breastfeeding and non-exclusive breastfeeding to the incidence of allergic rhinitis in children aged 5 to 18 years (P=0.005; OR 6.9 95% CI 1.78-26.85). In conclusion, children with a history of exclusive breastfeeding had a lower frequency of allergic rhinitis symptoms. It is suggested that children with a moderate or high risk of allergy to be given exclusive breast feeding in the first 6 months of life to reduce the incidence of allergic rhinitis in the future.

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