ResumenObjetivo. Se realiza una revisión sobre los aspectos degradativos de materia orgánica, obtención de energía y nutrientes de las bacterias anaerobias. La importancia de estos microorganismos es el papel que desempeñan en los procesos que contribuyen al mantenimiento de la vida misma. Dentro del metabolismo para la descomposición de macromoléculas, estos microorganismos realizan varios procesos: hidrólisis, acetogénesis y metanogénesis, entre otros, cobija reacciones que se realizan dependiendo de las características particulares de la bacteria y de las funciones que cumplen dentro del ciclo degradativo, para la obtención de nuevos productos dependiendo de las rutas bioquímicas o procesos fermentativos que allí se desarrollan.Palabras clave: bacterias anaerobias, rutas bioquímicas, hidrólisis, acetogénesis, metanogénesis. AbstractObjective. A review of the degradation aspects of organic matter, obtaining energy and nutrients from anaerobic bacteria is performed. The importance of these organisms is the role they play in the processes contributing to the maintenance of life itself. Within the metabolism for the decomposition of macro molecules, these microorganisms perform several processes: hydrolysis acetogenesis and methanogenesis, among others, it covers reactions performed depending on the particular characteristics of the bacteria and of the roles in the degradative cycle for development of new products depending on the biochemical pathways or fermentation processes that take place there.

This study represents the first overview of the epidemiological dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in Espirito Santo (ES) State, Brazil, filling in knowledge on this topic, observing data collected in the State, and aiming at understanding the epidemiological dynamics of the virus in ES, as well as its possible routes of transmission and dissemination. . Our results highlight that, so far, nine lineages have been identified with ES State. The B.1.1.33 lineage was the first with the highest occurrence in ES, remaining predominant until September 2020. The second predominant lineage was Gamma , representing 45% of the samples. The Delta lineage appears on the State scene, proving to be the next dominant lineage. This research allowed us to understand how the lineages advanced and were distributed in the State, which is important for future work, also making it possible to guide sanitary control measures. Data analyses were made through the GISAID database for ES State showed that the pandemic in the State has been evolving dynamically with lineage replacements over the months since the first notification.