Endodontic E. faecalis isolates exhibit high level of resistance to tetracycline, an antibiotic that has use in local treatment of dental infections. This opens up a much-needed debate on the role and efficacy of this antibiotic for oral infections. Furthermore, these isolates were shown to possess genes that could contribute to pathogenicity in the pulp cavity.
OBJETIVO: Evaluar el efecto antibacteriano, in vitro, de la Terapia Fotodinámica (PDT) sobre Enterococcus faecalis. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Fueron preparadas suspensiones bacterianas a partir de cepas clínicas de E. faecalis. Estas suspensiones fueron divididas en tres grupos experimentales (1L, 2L y 3L) y un grupo control (GC). Utilizando un equipo Twin Laser conteniendo como medio activo un diodo de GaAIAs, los grupos experimentales recibieron respectivamente dosis de energía de 1 min a 60 J/cm2, 2 min a 120 J/cm2 y 3 min a 180 J/cm2. Las suspensiones fueron diluidas, sembradas e incubadas para posterior contaje de Unidades Formadoras de Colonia por mL (UFC/mL). Los valores de UFC fueron analizados estadísticamente por ANOVA y test de Tukey (p<0,05). RESULTADOS: Los grupos 1L, 2L y 3L mostraron una reducción de 99,88%, 99,86% y 99,92% respectivamente. Siendoque esta reducción de UFC/mL fue estadísticamente signifi cativa (p<0,05). Sin embargo, no fueron encontradas diferencias signifi cativas entre los tres grupos experimentales, sometidos a diferentes tiempos de PDT (p>0,05). CONCLUSIÓN: La PDT es una alternativa efi caz para la eliminación de E. faecalis, microorganismo frecuentemente asociado a casos de fracaso endodóntico.
Reducing the accumulation of microorganisms on an endodontic file during endodontic treatment is important to limit recontamination of the root canal and increase likelihood of successful treatment outcome. Objective: To compare the antimicrobial activity of peracetic acid (PA), isopropyl alcohol and acetone against a range of bacteria and also for disinfection of contaminated endodontic K-files. Material and Methods: Antimicrobial activities of PA, isopropyl alcohol and acetone were compared against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, vancomycin resistant E. faecalis (VRE) and meticillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA), using minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and time-kill assays. Test solutions at different exposure times (15 s and 30 s) were assessed for treatment of endodontic files acting as carriers of E. faecalis-contaminated dental debris. Results: All bacteria were susceptible to PA (MBC range 0.25-1%), acetone (MBC range 50-60%) and isopropyl alcohol (30-40%). Using a time-kill assay of the antimicrobials at the determined MBC, all test microorganisms, with the exception of E. faecalis (VRE) 7766 were killed after 15 s exposure. In the case of E. faecalis 7766, viable cells remained detectable after 120 s exposure to acetone. Testing disinfection of endodontic Kfiles, previously coated with dental debris containing E. faecalis, it was found that PA (2%) completely killed E. faecalis after 15 s exposure. However, even after 30 s exposure, isopropyl alcohol (80%) and acetone (80%) had limited disinfecting activity. Conclusion: Extrapolation of these results to clinical practice would suggest that PA would be the most effective agent for trans-operative disinfection of endodontic K-files during treatment of a single patient.
As metodologias ativas de ensino-aprendizagem são um desafio tanto para o docente quanto para o discente e instituições de ensino. O presente estudo objetivou diagnosticar as condições mais favoráveis ao aprendizado, comparando diferentes métodos de ensino sobre montagem de articulador semiajustável (ASA) para estudantes de terceiro período da Faculdade de Odontologia São José, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Participaram deste estudo 140 estudantes divididos em dois grupos, Grupo I: Leitura de artigo e aula expositiva e Grupo II: Peer Instruction (PI). Foram avaliados o nível de participação nas atividades propostas, a forma como o conhecimento era construído, o número de erros e acertos obtidos nas atividades práticas, além do domínio do assunto abordado e a postura profissional do aluno. Observou-se que no Grupo I 6 (21,4%) estudantes realizaram correta montagem dos modelos e no Grupo II 26 (29,2%) apresentaram este resultado. Os erros mais prevalentes ocorreram nas fases compensação de cera (Grupo I: 18 - 35,3%; Grupo II: 26 - 29,2%) e registro intermaxilar (12 - 23,5% no Grupo I; 17 - 19,1% no Grupo II). O resultado obtido comprovou que a proposta de ensino PI, empregada no Grupo II, favoreceu o aprendizado, uma vez que houve aumento do número de acertos nas atividades e domínio dos conceitos que envolvem o manuseio e a operação dos equipamentos utilizados.
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