The baby blues is a precocious psychic impairment that may occur within the first two weeks following delivery. It is considered a trigger point, and sometimes a decompensation towards more serious postpartum psychiatric disorders. It is as well a hazard, predisposing to abnormal psycho-affective development in infants, otherwise intimately dependent on maternal bonding. Although there have been advances in understanding the psychopathology, the clinical presentations, and the inter-relationship of the condition with other disorders of perinatality, the management however remains unclear and poorly described. There seems to be confusion between indications for mere observation with monitoring on one hand, and the need for psychotherapy or pharmacotherapy on the other hand. This is maintained by the ambiguous distinction between primary baby blues which is milder, and severe baby blues with immediate and late complications that are sometimes neglected. Whereas, intervention may be necessary in a number of cases to prevent adverse outcomes in affected mothers and their infants. In this short paper, we review the management of baby blues according to the severity and we give clues for prevention, based on known protective factors.

Introduction: The OEIS complex or syndrome is the most severe form of the exstrophy-epispadias complex and is characterized by the existence of an omphalocele, bladder exstrophy, anal imperforation and spina bifida. We report an atypical case of OEIS complex associated with further birth defects admitted to our department. The diagnostic and therapeutic approach to the complex congenital malformations involved are highlighted, as well as difficulties encountered in a limited resource setting. Case Report: This was a neonate referred for the management of a congenital malformation on the first day of life. The baby was born vaginally at 35 weeks of gestation with a birth weight of 2000 g and significant major risk factors for neonatal sepsis. Two antenatal ultrasounds had revealed fetal uropathy. On admission, the clinical exam revealed: a type 1 omphalocele, an anorectal malformation with a recto-urinary fistula and a covered lumbosacral dysraphism. Paraclinical examinations revealed an associated cardiac anomaly. The karyotype analysis was not done due to lack of financial means. Supportive care was given and the neonate underwent surgical reconstruction of birth defects on day 20. Conclusion: The OEIS complex is a rare morbid congenital polymalformative syndrome in neonates. Patients require keen diagnostic enquiry and immediate postnatal multidisciplinary management, with long-term follow-up.

Sepsis may be defined as a systemic illness caused by microbial invasion of normally sterile parts of the body, inducing a systemic inflammatory response. Such systemic infection occurring in infants within 28 days of life is referred to as “neonatal sepsis”. Actually, a consensus over a definite clinical or semiological definition of neonatal sepsis remains controversial. This is partly due to questions of semantics and classification, with a problem of age delimitation, responsible for misuses of the “neonatal sepsis diagnosis”. More so, the limitation of neonatal sepsis to bacterial etiology due to its severity has led to an increasing misunderstanding of sepsis, to the detriment of other causative agents such as viruses, fungi, protozoans and mycoplasma. These controversies are further amplified by the diversity of the literature available on the subject, the plurality of language concepts and translation bias. Physicians worldwide may therefore be faced with diagnostic and semantic challenges as far as infections in neonates and slightly beyond the neonatal period are concerned. This indicates a necessity for the re-questioning of past concepts for clarity, or reconsideration if need be. In this paper, we did a succinct review of neonatal sepsis and its highlights, exposing controversies while proposing some adjustments to consider.