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The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has left clinicians around the world searching for viable prevention and treatment options to use against the virus. The important physiologic properties of vitamin C have been well documented regarding its use by immune cells and its role as an antioxidant. It has previously shown potential as a prophylactic and treatment option for other respiratory viruses, and because of this, there has been intrigue into whether these positive outcomes translate into a cost-effective prevention and treatment option for COVID-19. To this point, there have only been a few clinical trials performed to assess the validity of this notion, with very few showing definitive positive outcomes when vitamin C has been incorporated into prophylactic or treatment protocols to use against coronavirus. When being used to specifically treat the severe complications that arise from COVID-19, vitamin C is a reliable option to treat COVID-19induced sepsis but not pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). As a treatment option, high-dose therapy has shown flashes of promise in a few studies although investigators in these studies often subject the testing group to multimodal therapies that include vitamin C as opposed to just vitamin C alone. Given the role that vitamin C has shown to uphold regarding the human immune response, it is currently advised for all individuals to maintain a normal physiologic range of plasma vitamin C through diet or supplements for adequate prophylactic protection against the virus. More research with definitive outcomes will be needed before it is recommended to provide high-dose vitamin C therapy to prevent or treat COVID-19.

Resumen por el autor, Austin T. Moore.Una conexi6n an6mala de 10s m6sculos piriforme y biceps del f6mur.Durante una diseccih de un var6n negro bien desarrollado, de unos treinta y siete afios de edad, el autor encontr6 un m6sculo distinto biventral que se extendia desde la pelvis llegando hasta el biceps femoral, en la uni6n de sus cabeeas larga y corta. Elm~lsculo se originaba en forma de un tracto separado delas fibras antero-inferiores del m6sculo piriforme, pasando a trav@s del gran foramen ciiLtico y procediendo distalmente y lateralmente sobre la superficie posterior de la tibia por debajo del gldteo m8ximo. Un poco antes de alcanzar el borde inferior de este musculo se convertia en tendfnoso, continuando de este mod0 hasta el nivel del origen superior de la cabeza corta del beceps. E n este punto el musculo descrito volvia a transformarse en carnoso terminando el en biceps femoral, en la uni6n de sus cabezas corta y larga.

Background and objectiveThere is a paucity of medical literature describing the preparedness of hospital institutions to withstand the population effects of a pandemic. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has had a global impact on all facets of medicine, which has ultimately affected the medical community in a significant manner. Furthermore, there is a scarcity of research regarding the effects of COVID-19 on trauma and acute care surgery injury and admission rates. We conducted this study to examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on both pediatric and adult trauma admissions, injury types, and mechanisms of injury. Materials and methodsData from the Trauma Registry was extracted for all adult (>15 years) and pediatric (<15 years) patients who consulted trauma surgery, acute care surgery, or orthopedic surgery at our center in the year immediately prior to the pandemic (