Pediatric neurosurgery, once an annex of general neurosurgery, has evolved into a well-defined and complex medical specialty. The last 10 years have witnessed major advances in documentation of the minute details of CNS diseases of childhood, refinement of the specific means of action and better adaptation of therapeutic efforts to the requirements of a developing organism. Pediatric neurosurgeons are now increasingly involved in beneficial cooperation within complex medical teams. This fact has by no means diminished the importance of pediatric neurosurgery; rather, in such settings it has proved to have better effects in the struggle for stable long-lasting good results of multi-modal treatments covering all pathological entities. Progress in neurological surgery for patients in the pediatric age group has emerged from the development of supranational scientific structures and from that of specific concepts exchanging channels, so that today pediatric neurosurgeons belong to an extremely specialized medical corps, working in harmony across geographical and socio-economic national features in the interests of humankind's young generation's health.

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