Intestinal carcinomas are rare in dogs. The prognosis and survival time are dependent of the histological type, the invasion of the intestinal wall by the malignant cells and the ability of primary neoplasm to produce metastasis. This study reports a case of a Yorkshire dog that developed a rectal tubulopapillary adenocarcinoma progressing to a peritoneal carcinomatosis and multiple metastasis in large intestines, bladder, kidney, iliac lymph node, liver and lungs, six months after transanal surgical resection of the primary rectal neoplasm. Clinical, surgical, pathological and immunophenotypic findings are described. COX-2 imunohistochemical score was higher in hepatic metastasis (score 9) than in the primary tumour (score 6), and the growth fraction (Ki-67) observed was of 49.2% in the rectal neoplasm.

Background: Breast tumours represent about 50 to 70% of all neoplasms in female dogs and their occurrence is directly related to the reproductive status and patient´s age. The purpose of this research was to apply the Brazilian consensus on diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of canine mammary tumours and to and define the regional epidemiological aspects of canine mammary gland tumours in Vitoria metropolitan region (ES, Brazil) between 2012 and 2016 and to correlate the macroscopic characteristics such as lesion size and location of the neoplasm with histopathological diagnosis, tumours grade and lymph node metastasis.Materials, Methods & Results: Data were collected from the archives of the Laboratory of Animal Pathology of UVV and the clinical files of the patients seen in the Veterinary Hospital Prof. Ricardo Alexandre Hippler in 5 years (2012 to 2016). The animals were separated into groups by age to facilitate classification in the group with the highest occurrence of neoplasms. The evaluation of the macroscopic characteristics was performed through the histopathological record described in the pathology laboratory, for each patient, at the time of the initial evaluation. After descriptive analysis, data was correlated using Spearmann test, and frequency dispersion was evaluated using chi-square test, both in the software Graph Pad Prism v. 6.01. This study included 255 bitches and diagnosis of 486 lesions, once 48.6% of the dogs had more than one lesion. 86.8% of lesions were consistent with actual mammary neoplasms, of which 67% were malignant and 20% were benign. Non-neoplastic lesions corresponded to 7.2% of cases and 5.8% were extra-mammary neoplasms, with an increased incidence of lipomas (39.3%) and mast cell tumours (32.1%). Cross-breed dogs represented 26.7% of cases. Poodles (25.5%), Pinschers (9.8%) and Dachshund (4.7%) were overrepresented. Among mammary glands, the most affected with 30.8% and 25.4% were for inguinal and caudal abdominal mammary gland, respectively.Regarding the histopathological grade, 43.7% of the malignant mammary gland tumours were grade I, 40% grade II and 16.2% grade III. The neoplasms smaller than 3 cm in diameter, corresponded to 43.7% malignant neoplasms, of which 75 corresponded to grade I. Those larger or equal to 3-5 cm in diameter corresponded to 22.1% malignant neoplasm, of which 31 corresponded to grade II, and those larger than 5 cm in diameter corresponded to 25.8% malignant neoplasms, of which 34 corresponded to grade II. Macroscopic ulceration was reported in 35/486 neoplasms; of these, 85.7% were malignant. Necrosis was evidenced, microscopically in 11.7% of malignant neoplasms and there was a weak, positive correlation between the occurrence of necrosis and ulceration (P < 0.0001; rs = 0.223), which also correlated with tumour size and histological grade. Of these patients, 24.4% had metastases, and of these, 8.8% presented macroscopic abnormalities in the lymph node. Discussion:Older dogs are at higher risk of developing malignant mammary gland tumour when compared to young bitches, most neoplasms with a histopathological grade III occurred in animals older than 10 years, in agreement with the literature. Age increasing might be related to more biologically aggressive mammary gland tumours. Early neutering is commonly recommended to prevent proliferative abnormalities in the mammary glands, but it has been related to several disorders, and neoplasms, in some breeds. Multiple tumours in more than one mammary gland with different histopathological diagnoses among them, isn’t related to multicentric disease or worse prognosis, as also seen in this survey.Among mammary glands, the inguinal and caudal abdominal are often the most affected,as it was observed in this study; however, no differences were observed in the occurrence of malignant neoplasms, benign or non-neoplastic. Background: Breast tumours represent about 50 to 70% of all neoplasms in female dogs and their occurrence is directly related to the reproductive status and patient´s age. The purpose of this research was to apply the Brazilian consensus on diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of canine mammary tumours and to and define the regional epidemiological aspects of canine mammary gland tumours in Vitoria metropolitan region (ES, Brazil) between 2012 and 2016 and to correlate the macroscopic characteristics such as lesion size and location of the neoplasm with histopathological diagnosis, tumours grade and lymph node metastasis.Materials, Methods & Results: Data were collected from the archives of the Laboratory of Animal Pathology of UVV and the clinical files of the patients seen in the Veterinary Hospital Prof. Ricardo Alexandre Hippler in 5 years (2012 to 2016). The animals were separated into groups by age to facilitate classification in the group with the highest occurrence of neoplasms. The evaluation of the macroscopic characteristics was performed through the histopathological record described in the pathology laboratory, for each patient, at the time of the initial evaluation. After descriptive analysis, data was correlated using Spearmann test, and frequency dispersion was evaluated using chi-square test, both in the software Graph Pad Prism v. 6.01. This study included 255 bitches and diagnosis of 486 lesions, once 48.6% of the dogs had more than one lesion. 86.8% of lesions were consistent with actual mammary neoplasms, of which 67% were malignant and 20% were benign. Non-neoplastic lesions corresponded to 7.2% of cases and 5.8% were extra-mammary neoplasms, with an increased incidence of lipomas (39.3%) and mast cell tumours (32.1%). Cross-breed dogs represented 26.7% of cases. Poodles (25.5%), Pinschers (9.8%) and Dachshund (4.7%) were overrepresented. Among mammary glands, the most affected with 30.8% and 25.4% were for inguinal and caudal abdominal mammary gland, respectively.Regarding the histopathological grade, 43.7% of the malignant mammary gland tumours were grade I, 40% grade II and 16.2% grade III. The neoplasms smaller than 3 cm in diameter, corresponded to 43.7% malignant neoplasms, of which 75 corresponded to grade I. Those larger or equal to 3-5 cm in diameter corresponded to 22.1% malignant neoplasm, of which 31 corresponded to grade II, and those larger than 5 cm in diameter corresponded to 25.8% malignant neoplasms, of which 34 corresponded to grade II. Macroscopic ulceration was reported in 35/486 neoplasms; of these, 85.7% were malignant. Necrosis was evidenced, microscopically in 11.7% of malignant neoplasms and there was a weak, positive correlation between the occurrence of necrosis and ulceration (P < 0.0001; rs = 0.223), which also correlated with tumour size and histological grade. Of these patients, 24.4% had metastases, and of these, 8.8% presented macroscopic abnormalities in the lymph node. Discussion:Older dogs are at higher risk of developing malignant mammary gland tumour when compared to young bitches, most neoplasms with a histopathological grade III occurred in animals older than 10 years, in agreement with the literature. Age increasing might be related to more biologically aggressive mammary gland tumours. Early neutering is commonly recommended to prevent proliferative abnormalities in the mammary glands, but it has been related to several disorders, and neoplasms, in some breeds. Multiple tumours in more than one mammary gland with different histopathological diagnoses among them, isn’t related to multicentric disease or worse prognosis, as also seen in this survey.Among mammary glands, the inguinal and caudal abdominal are often the most affected,as it was observed in this study; however, no differences were observed in the occurrence of malignant neoplasms, benign or non-neoplastic.

Background: Myeloma-related disorders are characterized by proliferation of neoplastic plasma cell or immature immunoglobulin secreting B-lymphocytes, and include multiple myeloma, M-macroglobulinemia and extra-medullary plasmacytoma (cutaneous or extra-cutaneous). Solitary osseous plasmacytoma (SOP) is considered an unique entity among extra-medullary extra-cutaneous plasmacytoma. It is an unusual neoplasia in dogs, predominantly found in middle-aged to older animals, with a higher incidence in bones of axial skeleton. Dogs with vertebral SOP present neurological signs related to spinal cord compression, but progression to multiple myeloma is related to a poor outcome. As in humans, progression to multiple myeloma occurs in most cases, although it may take months or years from its initial presentation. SOP's biological behaviour, incidence and prognostic are rarely documented. Chemotherapy with melphalan and prednisolone represent the most used protocol for multiple myeloma. However, in SOP, the combination of chemotherapy with local approaches is controversial before the evidence of systemic disease. This paper aims at reporting a case of SOP in a lumbar vertebrae of a dog, with systemic involvement. Case: A 11-year old male mixed breed dog was attended presenting muscle weakness, lethargy, anorexia, adipsia and intense pain manifestation. The dog also presented multiple skin nodules, previously diagnosed as a plasmacytoma, through cytology. The dog's poor clinical condition and aggressive temper, associated with suspicious of an advanced myelomarelated disorder, resulted in the decision for humanized euthanasia. At necropsy, a pale, friable and hemorrhagic mass was identified on the L3 lumbar vertebrae, associated with an osteolytic bone lesion and spinal cord compression. Histopathological analyses revealed proliferation of plasma cells, with pale perinuclear halo, moderate cellular pleomorphism, 10 binucleated cells and 10 mitotic figures per 10 high power fields, compatible with extramedullary plasmacytoma of the mature type, in the lumbar vertebrae (SOP). It was also seen myeloma-related lesions in the skin and subcutaneous, prostate, heart, superficial mandibular and axillary lymph nodes Discussion: Solitary osseous plasmacytoma is a myeloma-related disorder rarely reported in dogs. Its biological behaviour is poorly characterized, however progression for multiple myeloma is common in humans and dogs, and it is related to a poor outcome. As the present report, systemic progression of SOP has been previously described and although an overt bone marrow infiltration was not detected, such possibility can not be excluded, once multiple myeloma distribution in the bone marrow is often multifocal. Although chemotherapy is the treatment of choice for multiple myeloma, its indication for SOP is conditioned to the evidence of systemic disease. It might delay tumour progression, but its early implementation may favor the selection of resistant neoplastic clones, making it ineffective when progression to multiple my...