An amino‐core‐substituted naphthalenediimide (NDI) derivative has been synthesized in good yield in two steps. The NDI bearing a diamine moiety undergoes a reversible protonation–deprotonation process, which results in intensity changes in the absorption and emission spectra. This derivative exhibits good photostability, good selectivity, high sensitivity, and is employed to exhibit the pH within the rough endoplasmic reticulum of living cells.
Cyanide is one of
the highly poisonous pollutants to our environment
and toxic to human health. It is important to develop the widely applicable
methods for their recognition to secure safe uses for people coming
into contact and handling cyanide and their derivatives. In this regard,
the aggregation-induced emission materials possess high potential
for the development of simple, fast, and convenient methods for cyanide
detection through either “turn-off” or “turn-on”.
Among the AIE-based materials, tetraphenylethylene is a promising
sensor for various sensing applications. In this paper, we have designed
and synthesized a TPE-based chemosensor, which shows high sensitivity
and displays good selectivity for cyanide (CN–)
over others in the presence of interfering Cl–,
I–, F–, Br–,
HSO4
–, H2PO4
–, NO3
–, HCO3
–, and ClO4
– anions
employed. The naked-eye, UV–vis, and fluorescence methods are
employed to evaluate the performance of probe 1 toward
CN– detection. From these experiments, CN– ions can be detected with a limit of detection as low as 67 nM,
which is comparatively lower than that of the World Health Organization
(WHO) permissible limit of the cyanide anion, that is, 1.9 μM.
From the Job’s plot, the 1:1 stoichiometric complexation reaction
between probe 1 and CN– was found.
The probe was efficiently applied for the detection of CN– ions using a paper strip method. The probe 1 also showed
the potential of detecting CN– ions in various food
items and in the cell line.
Semi-squaraines (SMSQ) are known as donor-acceptor (D-A) type molecules whereas squaraines (SQ), which differs from SMSQ by an extra donor group, are more or less biradicaloids in nature. The effect of the additional donor group in SQ, which changes the nature of the molecule, on geometrical and electronic structure are studied here and compared with the corresponding SMSQ. It is noticed from the geometrical parameters that, a strong resonance exists in SQ whereas disparity in carbon-carbon bond lengths of central C4 ring is seen in SMSQ dyes. The increasing and decreasing of antibonding interactions between central C4 ring and side donor groups cause destabilization of HOMO and stabilization of LUMO respectively in case of SQ compared to SMSQ molecules. This leads to decreasing the HOMO-LUMO gap and promotes biradicaloid character of SQ. The absorption maxima obtained by using TD-DFT method with BLYP, B3LYP, BHandHLYP, CAM-B3LYP and M06-2X functionals are not in good agreement with experimental results. On the other hand SAC-CI method gives better results for all the molecules. From this work we can evolve a design principle of these molecules which play a role as sensitizers in dye sensitized solar cells.
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