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This paper presents an accurate approach to design a symmetrical linear antenna array (LAA) and a non-uniformly excited single ring circular antenna array (CAA) to improve the far-field radiation characteristics. The far-field radiation pattern is improved with lower side lobe level (SLL) which is essential for the reduction of interference in the entire side lobe regions. A recently proposed meta-heuristic based optimization algorithm called moth flame optimization (MFO) is applied to determine the optimal sets of current excitation weights and the inter-element spacing among the array elements to reduce the SLL. In this context, 10-element and 16-element LAA and 8-element, 10element, and 12-element CAA design examples are presented by optimizing the array parameters. The simulation results obtained by using MFO algorithm based approach yield a considerable improvement in SLL and some marked improvement of half power beam width with respect to the uniform array pattern and those of the recently reported literature. KEYWORDS circular antenna array, half power beamwidth, linear antenna array, moth flame optimization, side lobe level | INTRODUCTIONAccurate design and synthesis of antenna arrays have a significant role in a modern-day communication system. A lot of research work for the design and synthesis of antenna arrays have been carried out over the past few decades to improve the radiation pattern of the antenna. The radiation pattern depends on the antenna array parameters, eg, the geometrical configuration of the array, inter-element spacing and the current excitation weights of each array element. The increasing traffic in the electromagnetic environment prompts to design the antenna array with a lower side lobe level (SLL) and narrower half power beam width (HPBW). A lower SLL is required to avoid the interference with the other systems operating in the same frequency band. On the other hand, a narrow HPBW is required for high directivity which is essential for long distance communication. However, the design of antenna array with low SLL and narrow HPBW is a challenging task because an array with low SLL does not produce a narrow HPBW and vice-versa, 1,2 ie, the performance cannot be improved simultaneously maintaining both the criterion of antenna array design.The linear and circular antenna arrays (CAAs) are widely used in many high-performance radio systems like radar, sonar, air and space navigation, underground propagation etc. Extensive research on linear antenna array (LAA) and CAA synthesis have been reported in the literature. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The LAA and CAA synthesis can be achieved either by

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