Kajian ini berpijak dari adanya fenomena masih dilaksanakannya ritual tolak bala oleh masyarakat Petalangan, padahal mereka semuanya sudah beragama Islam. Ritual tolak bala merupakan salah satu bentuk sinkretisme agama, di mana dalam ritual tersebut dapat ditemukan unsur-unsur Islam, Hindu dan Budha, serta animisme dan dinamisme. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan tujuan dari pelaksanaan tolak bala, perpaduan Islam dalam ritual tolak bala, serta mengapa ritual ini masih tetap dipertahankan oleh masyarakat. Adapun pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Hasil kajian ini memperlihatkan bahwa ritual tolak bala dilakukan oleh masyarakat dengan tujuan agar terhindar dari bencana, baik secara individu, masyarakat, maupun kampung. Ritual ini disebut juga dengan mengobati kampung. Unsur Islan ditambahkan sedemikian rupa dalam ritual ini yang dibungkus dengan cara kenduri tolak bala. Bertahannya ritual ini dikarenakan kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat terhadap ajaran Islam serta rendahnya tingkat pendidikan masyarakat, serta masih kuatnya hubungan psikologis masyarakat dengan alam sekitar

This study aims to analyse the role of rituals and ceremonies of the Bidayuh tribes in Sarawak Borneo as a way of life of the Bidayuh people. Therefore, the cultural history of the Bidayuh people as well as the function and influence to the entire community which becomes the pride and identity is analysed. The data were taken from the Bajo asal (traditional songs), girite Bidayuh damba (stories and legendary), and the exploration and preview of the authenticity of the role in the manifestation of the Bidayuh culture and tradition in the numerous villagers through dynamic modernization. The content analysis was used to identify the rituals and ceremonies of the ethnic group. With this regard, emic perspective approach was applied to the study of the description of Bidayuh ritual, focussing on the internal elements and their functions in the Bidayuh society area in Bau, Padawan, and Serian division of Sarawak. Among the findings of this community is how important it is to preserve their beliefs to make sure the management of paddy fields are always cared for and preserve abundant harvests, apart from the ‘guardians’ to safe keep the peace of the village. The function and preservation through the ritual and ceremonies as their weltanschauung, influences the peasant society in that area. The study is highlighted to ensure people that the existence of the ritual and ceremonies is still implemented in the modern era as a part of the ancient heritage in Borneo Island- Sarawak.

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The art of “permainan” Kuda Kepang is a type of dance that goes through a ritual process before reaching a trance state during the performance. The current study focuses on the keywords “isim” and “isi, which refers to the form of practice taken and performed by Kuda Kepang players. This investigation focuses on the relationship between the possession of “isim” within the player and the filling of “isi” in the Kuda Kepang equipment to realize the presence of the trance state during the performance. Therefore, the objective of this study is to identify the factors contributing to the occurrence of the trance state during the performance. The data in this research were obtained through field studies with four active Kuda Kepang groups in the state of Johor. The content and factors that cause the trance state are analysed based on the philosophy of the Kuda Kepang game containing the relevant element. The qualitative research design produced data obtained from observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the investigation show that players who experience the trance state possess “isim”, while the performance equipment used has “isi”. The trance state has a close relationship with the ritual process performed before the performance, which is also related to the possession factor of “isim” and “isi”. Without “isim” within the player and “isi” in the music equipment, the trance state during the performance would not occur, even if the ritual has been performed. This study highlights the importance of “isim” and “isi” in the success of the ritual process and the occurrence of the trance state. Further research can be conducted on the possession of “isim” and the content of the “isi” in Kuda Kepang performances.

Peristiwa Bom Bali yang berlaku pada tahun 12 Oktober 2002 di Bandar Kuta, Pulau Bali, Indonesia merupakan peristiwa terpenting membabitkan tindakan keganasan di rantau Asia Tenggara. Kajian ini menganalisis peristiwa Bom Bali menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan berdasarkan buku Aku Melawan Teroris karangan Imam Samudra (2004), perancang utama serangan Bom Bali. Hasilnya, kajian ini mendapati dua perkara utama. Pertama, naratif jihad yang dibawa oleh Jemaah Islamiyyah berjaya mempengaruhi segolongan penganut Islam di Indonesia. Kedua, wujud perbezaan jelas berkaitan konsep jihad Jemaah Islamiyyah dengan ajaran Islam sebenar, khususnya tentang konflik di antara Islam dan bukan Islam, ayat seruan berjihad dan isu berkaitan dengan tindakan ‘Bom Bunuh Diri’.   The Bali Bombing incident, which occurred on October 12, 2002, at Kuta City in Bali Island, was one of the most prominent terrorist incidents that had happened in the Southeast Asian Region. This research analysed the Bali Bombing incident through a content analysis of the mastermind of Bali Bom incident, Imam Samudra’s book entitled Aku Melawan Teroris (2004). This research has discovered two findings. First, Jemaah Islamiyyah’s jihad narrative has been influential amongst Muslims in Indonesia. Second, there has been contrasting opinions between the narrative set forth by Jemaah Islamiyyah and the true Islamic teachings, particularly in the conflict between Muslims and non-Muslims, verses calling for jihad, and issues related to suicide bombing.