Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Current available chemotherapeutics against CRC have various disadvantages. Medicinal plants are source of many biologically active compound(s) which have potential for development as therapeutic agents against different types of cancer. The aim of the present study was to screen for effective novel therapeutic agents against CRC from natural medicinal plants and herbs. Method:20 different plants from various species were collected randomly from various areas of Egypt. The cytotoxic and genotoxic effects against HCT-116 colon cancer cells was analyzed. Cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay and comet assay was used to assess DNA damage. Gene expression was analyzed by qPCR for P53, Bcl2 and Bax. Results:The results revealed that the methanolic extracts of Ononis vaginalis and Quercus robur L. showed significant cytotoxic effect against HCT116 cells in vitro in monolayer and multicellular cancer spheroids(MCS). Further investigation of methanolic extracts-treated HCT116 cells revealed marked fold increase in the expression of p53, Bax, whereas Bcl2 expression was significantly decreased. Moreover, the methanolic extract of O.vaginalis induced more DNA damage to colon cancer cells(HCT-116), the results was confirmed by the visual score which indicated that most of the effect was gradual increase in the length of the comet tail in parallel with a decrease in nuclear DNA content. This variation in DNA damage accounted for the observed genotoxic effect of O.vaginalis on HCT-116 cells in-vitro. Also, the methanolic extract of O.vaginalis significantly inhibited tumor growth in Syngeneic tumor model in C26 injected mice compared with the vehicle control group. Conclusion: Collectively, the findings of the present study indicated that methanolic extract of O.vaginalis was able to decrease proliferation and promote apoptosis in colon cancer cells by inducing the p53/Bax-mediated signaling pathway.Therefore, It may be used as a novel source of new antitumor agent in the treatment of CRC.

Background: Forward head posture has been shown to be a common postural displacement, with a conservative estimate being 66% of the patient population. Failure of the head to align with the vertical axis of the body can lead to malalignments in the body such as rounded shoulders and hyperkyphosis to compensate for altered location of the line of gravity leading to further impairments. Although most previous researches were conducted to determine the relation between Forward Head Posture (FHP) and cervical pain or thoracic kyphosis or temporomandibular joint and the relation between FHP and Rounded Shoulder Posture (RSP) is not clearly understood. Aim of Study: The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between different degrees of forward head posture and changes in shoulder angle in asymptomatic subjects with forward head and rounded shoulder posture. Subjects and Methods: 114 physical therapy subjects (58 males and 56 females) aged 18-27 years and body mass index ranged from 16-35kg/cm 2 were recruited for this cross section study. The craniovertebral and shoulder angle were used to measure the degree of FHP and RSP respectively from standing position by photogrammetry. Results: Significant negative negligible correlation was detected between mild degree of forward head posture and rounded shoulder (p<0.001 and r=-0.06) and significant positive negligible correlation a between moderate degree of FHP and RSP (p<0.01 and r=0.1). However, the relation between sever degree of forward head posture and rounded shoulder posture was non-significant positive negligible correlation (p>0.3 and r=0.08). Conclusion: It was demonstrated that, mild and moderate degrees of forward head posture change the degree of the rounded shoulder. However, the sever degrees of forward head posture don't change the degree of the rounded shoulder.