Objectives: Working pregnant women experience physical and psychosocial changes, which are associated with two aspects of work productivity: presenteeism and absenteeism. We examined the factors that affect these two aspects. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in April to May 2019 through an online survey. Participants were 450 working women who were pregnant for the first time. Results: Occupational stress (job overload sb: 0.14, suitable jobs sb: 0.16); physical conditions, such as pregnancy complications (sb: 0.32) and gestational period (sb: 0.18); and adjustment status in the workplace due to pregnancy, such as pregnancy disclosure (sb: 0.11) and pregnancy discrimination (sb: 0.18), were related to presenteeism. Meanwhile, pregnancy complications were the only factor associated with absenteeism (sb: 0.32; all P < 0.05). Conclusions: In addition to physical condition support, support for psychosocial conditions in the workplace is required.

Thgtg have been increasing numbers of working pregnant women and it is important to accumulate knowledge about their feelings and features u gcific to them. Thg study purpose was to clarify the concept of "working pregnant women's guilt feelings". Method: We reviewed the literature on the general view of guilt feelings as well as guilt feelings in psychology, psychiatry, and nursing using concept analysis based on Walker and Avant's model. Nine characteristics of guilt feelings were found and the fiffgtgpcgu between those feelings and related concepts ("shame," "debt," "qualm," "being sorry") were evaluated. Results: Thg concept of guilt feelings were integrated with a review of the experience, situation, and negative feelings of working pregnant women, as well as working mothers' guilt feelings. Thg results suggested the following three constructs of working pregnant women ' s guilt feelings: "negative feeling when behaving the opposite to own norm," which included the worker's role and pregnant women's role; "emotion of controlling own behavior," such as troublesome behavior in the workplace and dangerous behavior to the baby; and "feeling because of extra favors," such as taking leave and receiving concern from coworkers. Conclusions: Working pregnant women ' s guilt feelings are important to help understand working pregnant women's situation more deeply and the potential impacts on their mental health. An accumulation of research and development of a measurement scale will assist with this.