Çocuklarda orofasiyal travmaların sonucunda diş yaralanmaları görülmekte ve bu yaralanmalar sıklıkla karışık dişlenme döneminde ve kök gelişimi tamamlanmamış daimî dişlerde ortaya çıkmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmalarda 8-12 yaş arası çocukların, diş yaralanmalarına daha sık maruz kaldığı gösterilmiştir. 1 Diş yaralanmaları, basit bir mine kırığından, destek yapıların ve dişlerin yer değiştirmesini veya avulsiyonunu içeren kapsamlı maksillofasiyal hasara kadar çeşitlilik gösterir. 2 Küçük mine kırıkları veya
Congenital heart disease (CHD) has effects on growth and development. However, information on how the structure of the mandibular bone is affected is limited. In the present study, we aim to compare mandibular bone structures of children affected with CHD and healthy ones through the fractal analysis method and radiomorphometric indices based on panoramic radiographs. The study consisted of 80 children (20 with cyanotic CHD, 20 with acyanotic CHD, 40 control) who were diagnosed with CHD and were treated through interventional therapy or followed up through medical therapy. Fractal dimension (FD) was performed in three different areas (angulus, corpus, and interdental bone) on 80 panoramic radiographs. Additionally, we assessed various radiomorphometric indices: mandibular cortical width (MCW), panoramic mandibular index (PMI), mandibular cortical index (MCI), and simple visual estimation (SVE). p < 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant in the analysis. Values of mean MCW, PMI, MCI, SVE, and FD measurements in children affected with CHD were found to be similar to the control group, regardless of whether they were cyanotic or acyanotic (p > 0.05). In this study, fractal analysis and radiomorphometric indices revealed no trabecular structure and mineral density changes in mandibular bone of children and adolescents with CHD compared to healthy subjects.
Çocuk diş hekimliğinde teşhis, tedavi ve takip amacıyla radyografik görüntüleme yöntemlerine başvurulmaktadır. Radyografik yöntemlerin çalışma prensibi iyonize edici radyasyona dayanmaktadır. Kullanılan radyografik yöntemlerin ihmal edilebilir düzeyde hasta dozu oluşturduğu kabul edilse de günümüzde iyonize radyasyon maruziyetinin herhangi bir eşik doz olmaksızın kanser gelişim riskine neden olabileceği bilinmektedir. Çocuk hastalarda erişkinlere kıyasla daha yüksek mitotik aktivite gösteren, daha az gelişmiş ve daha az farklılaşmış hücrelerin varlığı bunun yanı sıra çocukların fiziksel olarak küçük olmaları sebebiyle direk veya saçılmış radyasyona daha çok organ ve dokunun maruz kalması kanser gelişme riskini arttırmaktadır. Çocuklarda radyasyona en duyarlı olan doku ve organlar tiroid, meme, kemik iliği, beyin ve cilt olarak gösterilmiş olup, dental radyografik muayene sırasında birincil veya saçılan X ışınlarından en çok etkilenen alanlardır. Bu nedenle, gerekli olduğu durumlarda radyografik muayeneye başvurulmalı ve radyasyon dozunu azaltan önlemler alınmalıdır. Bu derlemedeki amacımız; radyasyona daha duyarlı olan çocuk hastalarda, hangi durumlarda radyografik yöntemlerin kullanılması gerektiğini, X ışını cihazlarındaki bazı modifikasyonlar ile çocuk hastalarda radyasyon dozunu azaltabilecek uygulamaları ve kullanılabilecek koruyucu ekipmanları yapılan pek çok çalışma yardımıyla ortaya koymaktır.
Introduction: Endodontic treatment may be required for the permanent teeth due to different reasons in childhood. Biological materials such as MTA and Biodentine® have started to be used nowadays in different endodontic treatment. Studies have shown that these materials stimulated the formation of new vascularized tissue in the apical of mature teeth with necrotic pulp and with periapical lesions. In addition, MTA and Biodentine® are preferred in direct and indirect pulp capping due to their properties such as biocompatibility and impermeability. Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the teeth clinically and radiologically after the use of Biodentine® and MTA as a barrier on the pulp capping, Cvek pulpotomy and regenerative endodontic treatment. Case Series: Case 1: A 12-year-old girl presented at our clinic with complaints of intermittent pain and cold sensitivity in her tooth #16. Direct pulp capping was performed with MTA. Case 2: An 7-year-old boy with a trauma associated complicated crown fracture in his tooth #11 was admitted to our clinic. Cvek pulpotomy was performed with Biodentine®. Case 3: An 8-year-old girl with trauma associated crown fracture in her tooth #11 was admitted to our clinic. Regenerative endodontic treatment was applied with Biodentine®. Case 4: Indirect pulp capping was performed with MTA to a 7-year-old boy admitted to our clinic with the complaint of cold sensitivity in his tooth # 46. Conclusion: Today, the success rate is high in vital pulp treatments with newly developed materials such as MTA and Biodentine®. In addition, root development continues after regenerative endodontic treatments with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) or Biodentine® in non-vital and open-apex teeth.
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