Purpose: Traumatic dental injuries are among the commonly observed problems in the primary and permanent teeth. The rate of prevalence of dental trauma varies globally. In this study, we investigated the type of dental trauma, related factors, and treatment procedures in children. Subjects and methods: During a 5-year period (January 2011–January 2016), 416 children aged in the range of 1–15 years were admitted to our clinic with dental trauma. The cause and type of the dental trauma in the primary and permanent teeth and their relation with gender and age were evaluated using the chi-square test, and their distribution by age was evaluated using regression analysis. Results: Overall, girls and boys comprised 37% and 63% of the study population, respectively. The mean age was 8.5 years. Falls (61.1%) were the most common cause of traumatic dental injuries, and enamel–dentin fracture (26%) was the most common dental trauma type. Conclusion: Traumatic dental injuries in children are common. A large proportion of patients without any clinical symptoms (15.8%) did not seek any treatment after the trauma. Teachers, parents, and children should be informed about the action to be taken when dental trauma occurs and about the importance of immediately taking the child to a dentist after the trauma to ensure an accurate diagnosis, an optimal treatment plan, and positive outcome.

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KAYNAKLAR 1. Lourenco CB, Saintrain MV, Vieira AP. Child, neglect and oral health. BMC Pediatr 2013; 13: 188. 2. Ramazani NPH, Ahmadi R, Ahmadi R, Ramazani M. Early childhood caries and the role of pediatricians in its prevention. Ir J Pediatr Soc 2010. 3. Ahmadi RRN, Nourelahi M. A Comparison of the antiplaque effectiveness of Meridol (AmineFluoride/ Stannous Fluoride) and Irsha Kids mouth rinses in 7-9 year-old children. ZJRMS 2013; 15: 10-14. 4. Ramazani NAR, Daryaeian M. Oral and dental laser treatments for children: applications, advantages and considerations. J Lasers Med Sci 2012; 3: 44-49. 5. Kwan SY, Petersen PE, Pine CM, Borutta A. Health-promoting schools: an opportunity for oral health promotion. Bull World Health Organ 2005; 83: 677-685. 6. Bhatia SK, Maguire SA, Chadwick BL, Hunter ML, Harris JC, Tempest V, Mann MK,Kemp AM. Characteristics of child dental neglect: a systematic review.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of heat on the fluoride (F −) releasing ability of glass ionomer cement (GIC) when used in the conventional form and when combined with 5% cetylpryridium chloride (CPC). Materials and Methods: Twenty (n=5; each group) GIC samples were prepared, with the experimental group comprising GIC combined with 5% CPC and the control group comprising GIC without 5% CPC. The samples were prepared by non-heating (NH) procedures (n = 10) or by heating (H) for 60 seconds (n = 10) with a Light Emitting Diode (LED). Flouride releasing pattern was evaluated on days 1, 7, 15 and 30. Repeated measurements using two-way ANOVA and Fisher's LSD test were used for comparisons (p < 0.05). Results: Interactions among the groups, application of heat, and the time at which F − release was evaluated were analyzed (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in F − release in the NH control and experimental groups on days 1, 7 and 15; however a significant release was evident in the experimental group on day 30 (p=0.01). Significantly higher values were obtained in the H associated control group than in the experimental group on days 1 (p=0.026), 7 (p = 0.001), 15 (p=0.005) and 30 (p=0.028). Significantly increased values were obtained from days 1 to 30 by NH and H procedures for both the groups (p<0.001). Conclusions: Heating in the control and experimental groups showed an increased F − releasing pattern. The fluoride release on 60 seconds of heating GIC containing 5% CPC, can have acceptable values for up to 30 days. The increased F − releasing pattern after the heating is believed to be promising for antibacterial GIC combinations.