Diabetes mellitus is one of the systemic diseases affecting the kidneys. Diabetic nephropathy is a serious microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. It is the most important cause of death in type I diabetic patients, of whom 30%-40% eventually develop end-stage renal failure and 40% of type II diabetics are at risk of developing diabetic nephropathy. So, diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy is paramount for the survivability of the diabetic patients not only because of the consequences of renal progression but also because of the strong association with the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. A total number of 53 subjects were enrolled in this present cross sectional study in the department of Radiology and Imaging, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) in collaboration of Nephrology and Medicine of the same institution during two years (2011-13) aim to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of renal resistive index (RI) by duplex Doppler ultrasonography for detection of renal dysfunction in diabetic patients. Clinically diagnosed diabetic patients having diabetic nephropathy referred to the department of Radiology and Imaging in BSMMU for ultrasonography of Kidneys, Ureters and Bladder (KUB) region or whole abdomen were selected as sample. Biochemical reports (Serum creatinine and Urinary albumin) and the RI value of intrarenal artery were correlated and analyzed. Only those patients biochemically were diagnosed as having diabetic nephropathy was included. Those with incomplete data, hydro nephrosis and renal calculus were excluded. Both the kidneys were visualized by commercially available real time scanner (GE Voluson) equipped with a curvilinear transducer operating at 3.5 MHz First Gray scale ultrasonography was done followed by Color Doppler of intra renal artery and then RI was measured. Majority (45.3%) patients were in 6th decade with the mean age was of 52.66±7.4 years and ranging from 38 to 65 years in patients. Male was found to be 54.7% of diabetic patients with male to female ratio 1.2:1. Resistive index of (≥ 0.7) was found in 73.6% patients with diabetes with the mean resistive index of 0.71±0.04. Positive correction between resistive index with serum creatinine (r=0.581, p<0.01) and albuminuria (r=0.725, p<0.01) were observed. It can be concluded that Resistive Index measured by duplex Doppler ultrasonography is useful diagnostic modality for detection of renal dysfunction in diabetic nephropathy patients. Resistive Index has value in identifying diabetic patients who are developing nephropathy and can be used as an additional diagnostic tool. Also it is well correlated with Serum Creatinine and Albuminuria which are the biochemical parameters to diagnose diabetic nephropathy.

All rights reserved: reproduction in whole or part not permitted week, double-blind, active-controlled noninferiority trial. Diabetes Care 2011;34:2015-22 3. Wilding JP, Woo V, Rohwedder K, et al. Dapagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving high doses of insulin: efficacy and safety over 2 years. Diabetes Obes Metab 2014;16:124-36 4. Bloomgarden Z. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and renal function-2. J Diabetes 2015;7:295-8 5. NICE. Dapagliflozin in combination therapy for treating type 2 diabetes: TA288. 2013.

INTRODUCTION: Adequate control of hypertension in Chronic Kidney Disease patients is difficult to achieve. This study was designed to analyze the adequacy of Hypertension control in adults with CKD using different classes of antihypertensive drugs. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study was done that included 85 patients with CKD admitted to our Medicine Department over a period of two years (2006-2008 A.D.). Presence of CKD was defined as glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 for more than three months or presence of albuminuria (albumin:creatinine ratio >30ug/mg). Adequate blood pressure control was defined as systolic blood pressure less than or equals to 130 and diastolic blood pressure less than or equals to 80 mm Hg. Data and Statistical analysis was done using SPSS Version 12 for Windows. RESULTS: Of all the CKD patients, 51.4% required three Anti-Hypertensive drugs combination for the effective control of Hypertension, while only 21% of CKD patients with hypertension was controlled on two drugs. CONCLUSION: Adequate control of blood pressure in CKD patient was shown to be most effective on combination of three antihypertensive drugs. A poor control was seen on patients taking less than three antihypertensive drugs. Keywords: antihypertensive drug; chronic kidney disease; glomerular filtration rate; hypertension.

Aims: To evaluate the computed tomographic scan features of benign and malignant adnexal masses. Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of CT scan features of adnexal masses were evaluated at Department of Radiology of Nobel Medical College from April to September 2020. Initial ultrasound or clinical diagnoses of adnexal masses were referred for the CT scan. Incidental adnexal findings on abdominal-pelvic CT scan performed for other diagnosis were also included.Descriptive parameters were calculated. Results: Total 46 cases were studied where mean age was 41.3 years with range 10-74 years. Most common age group with adnexal masses were in between 30 and 50 years (56.6%); 86% had benign features and rest were associated with either ascites (66%) or peritoneal deposits (13%). Complex cysts (60%) was the most common consistency with simple cyst (26%) followed by solid (6%). Amongst the benign neoplastic lesions most of them were dermoid cysts (35%). Conclusions: CT scan can be used as a supplementary diagnostic tool for cystic and solid componentcharacterization of adnexal masses and help in evaluation of the nature and extent of disease. Keywords: adnexal mass, computed tomography, simple cyst, complex cyst

Aims: To analyze the Chest CT Scan and association of the severity score with the serum biomarkers D- dimer, C-reactive protein (CRP), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Ferritin levels. Methods: This is a retrospective study done from the database of Department of Radiology and Department of Pathology at Nobel medical college and teaching hospital during the peak of the second wave of the pandemic from 1st April 2021 to 31 st May 2021. Data for the Chest CT scan and lab parameters were analyzed and correlated. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional review committee of Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Results: A total of 263 cases of Chest CT scan were done in 2 months period who were diagnosed as cases of COVID 19. In this study the severity and scores were taken from the database in the Radiology department. The lab parameters like D-dimer, CRP, LDH and Ferritin levels were studied from the database in the lab. Age of the patients ranged from 19 to 89 years with maximum cases 68 (25.8%) seen in the age group of 50-59 years. According to the chest CT Scan the severity score was in between 11-15 in 92 (48.3%) cases. Fifty six cases showed abnormal levels of D-dimer, Ferritin, CRP and LDH. D-dimer was raised in 26 (46.4%), LDH was raised in 48 (87.2%) while Ferritin and CRP was also raised in all 56 cases. Conclusions: There was a positive correlation between the biomarkers and the Chest CT severity score. The severity of the disease with involvement of the lungs can be estimated by correlating with the lab parameters.