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Background Soil degradation remains a serious threat to agricultural production. With increase downpour due to climate change effect, more farmlands are exposed to erosion. Therefore, ecologically sound strategies for erosion control are indispensable to farmers, to boost agricultural productivity. Results A multistage sampling technique was used to select the respondents for this study, and descriptive and inferential statistics were adopted to determine the farmers’ perception of the awareness, adoption and use of vetiver grass technology in controlling erosion in the study area. A total of four hundred valid questionnaires were subjected to analysis and the result shows that most of the farmers (29%) were between the ages of 41 and 50 years and the average age of the respondents stood at 45.5 years, implying that the farmers were in their productive and active age. Most of the respondents were male and married with an average household size of 5.2. Large number (76%) of the respondents had formal education, which the level ranged from primary to post-secondary education. Large proportion of the respondents engaged in private business as secondary occupation with an average income of $84.6 per cropping season. The effectiveness of vetiver grass adoption and use was significantly influenced by age (P < 0.1), gender (P < 0.01), marital status (P < 0.05), level of education (P < 0.01) and income of the respondents (P < 0.05). Most of the respondents within the ages of 41–50 years were aware of the erosion control potentials of vetiver grass and adopted the grass because it was cheap and affordable, easy to cultivate and maintain, and readily available and perceived to possess the potential effectiveness to control erosion. Conclusion Stakeholders are enjoined to increase the awareness of the vetiver grass for increased adoption and utilization, as many farmers were ignorant of the vetiver grass technology for erosion control in the study area.

Biological diversity involves genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity. Genetic diversity denotes the variation within species in the functional units of heredity present in any plant or animal, microbial or other origin of living things. Species diversity encompasses the variety of species-whether wild or domesticated, within a geographical area. This study assesses the economic value of crop productivity biodiversity in Ijebu Ode agricultural zone of Ogun State. The authors proposed a dynamic model of market equilibrium with vertical product differentiation that enabled us to take into account the economic consequences of respondents' monthly income and species crop of three different communities. The objectives of the study are to identify the personal and socio-economic characteristics of farmers and determine the importance of biodiversity in the study area using Simpson's Index. The result showed that 52.50% were male, majority (32.50%)were within the age range of 31 and 40 years old, 44.17% were married, 62.50% had household size of 6-10, and majority (45.83%) had secondary education while 46.67% had up to 20 years farming experience. In conclusion, the authors find that effective factors play an important role in explaining the support for biodiversity conservation, particularly when people do not have specific knowledge about species; while ecological-scientific considerations appear when people are well-informed.

This paper analyzed the effect of flood and socio-economic problems on fish farming in Ibadan Metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria.A multistage random sampling technique was used to select 80 fish farmers in the state. Both primary and secondary data were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics to analyze the socio-economic characteristics of the fish farmers, cost and returns analysis was done to determine the profitability ratios of the fish farming in the study areas. The mean age analyzed was 45%. The result of the cost and returns analysis showed that Average Total Cost (ATC) of N1, 500,517.5 was incurred, Total Revenue (TR) of N, 138,659,400 was realized and a returning Gross Margin (GM) of N was 64,885,800 by fish farmers. The major constraints encountered by fish farmers were flooding that wash away fish, deposit heavy metals such as ammonia (NH4), lead, copper, cadmium, arsenic, etc., that can result to the death of fish in the fishponds and rivers when flood overflowing. The methodology applied for the flood examination includes site visits, interviews of affected fish farmers, and analyses of flood data collected during the field examination.

Increase in soil degradation has negatively impacted on food production. This therefore necessitates sound land management practices. This study analyzed the economics of the land management practices among crop farmers in Osun State, Nigeria. Data were collected with the aid of structured interview schedule from 80 respondents in four Local Government Areas of the state using a three-stage sampling techniques. Budgetary and multiple regression analyses were the analytical tools employed. About 63% of the farmers were male and 78.4% of them were above 38 years. Seventy-two percent of the farmers had secondary sources of income. The average gross margin of the farms was N48,456.56k. The total value product increases by a value of N4.90K for every N1 increase in the total variable cost. The study concludes that land management practices such as fertilizer application, length of fallow on land and length of tillage on land have a positive effect on crop output in the study area. Therefore, extension services should be intensified to disseminate modern ideas and technology in crop farming for greater productivity. Activities that promote soil tillage for crop production should be encouraged as this would increase crop output. Keywords: Economic analysis, Land management, Fallowing, Crop output