In an era of unprecedented progress in technology and increase in population age, continuous and close monitoring of elder citizens and patients is becoming more of a necessity than a luxury. Contributing toward this field and enhancing the life quality of elder citizens and patients with disabilities, this work presents the design and implementation of a noninvasive platform and insole fiber Bragg grating sensors network to monitor the vertical ground reaction forces distribution induced in the foot plantar surface during gait and body center of mass displacements. The acquired measurements are a reliable indication of the accuracy and consistency of the proposed solution in monitoring and mapping the vertical forces active on the foot plantar sole, with a sensitivity up to 11.06 ?? pm / N . The acquired measurements can be used to infer the foot structure and health condition, in addition to anomalies related to spine function and other pathologies (e.g., related to diabetes); also its application in rehabilitation robotics field can dramatically reduce the computational burden of exoskeletons’ control strategy. The proposed technology has the advantages of optical fiber sensing (robustness, noninvasiveness, accuracy, and electromagnetic insensitivity) to surpass all drawbacks verified in traditionally used sensing systems (fragility, instability, and inconsistent feedback).
Abstract-In an era of unprecedented progress in sensing technology and communications, health services are able to evolve towards a close monitoring of patients and elderly citizens, without jeopardizing their daily routines, through health applications on their mobile devices, in what is known as e-Health. Within this field, we propose an optical fiber sensor (OFS) based system for simultaneous monitoring of shear and plantar pressure during gait movement. These parameters are considered to be two key factors in gait analysis which can help in early diagnosis of multiple anomalies, such as diabetic foot ulcerations or in physical rehabilitation scenarios.The proposed solution is a biaxial OFS based on two in-line fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), which were inscribed in the same optical fiber and placed individually in two adjacent cavities, forming a small sensing cell. Such design presents a more compact and resilient solution with higher accuracy, when compared to the existing electronic systems.The implementation of the proposed elements into an insole is also described, showing the compactness of the sensing cells, which can be easily integrated into a non-invasive mobile e-Health solution for a continuous remote gait analysis of patients and elder citizens. The reported results show that the proposed system outperforms existing solutions, in the sense that it is able to dynamically discriminate shear and plantar pressure during gait.
Interference management is an important subject in Device to Device (D2D) communication when underlying a LTE-A cellular band. By default, in LTE-A there is negligible intracell interference due to the orthogonality of the subcarriers but this orthogonality will be lost when D2D communication takes place under cellular users (CU). Therefore, one of the key aspects of D2D communication is the set of spectrum bands in which D2D communication takes place. Hence, in this paper we will propose two novel resource allocation (RA) schemes: the first RA scheme (cell level) mitigates the interference between D2D and CU and the second RA scheme (user level or scheduling) schedules the resources in an energy efficient way between D2D and CU. These RA schemes increase the throughput and reduce the overall energy cost per bit of the system. Afterwards, these schemes are compared with the conventional methods and the simulation results show that the proposed schemes obtain higher throughput and save significant amount of energy per bit. IEEE ICC 2014 -Ad-hoc and Sensor Networking Symposium 978-1-4799-2003-7/14/$31.00 ©2014 IEEE
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