Solar drying is the one of the effective means for preserving grains and pulses. It is a simpler, cleaner and safer method of drying. However, most available solar dryers are inefficient due to non-availability of solar energy during the periods of low insolation which eventually leads to moisture re-absorption with pronounced effect particularly at night, causing growth on dried grains. To solve this problem, an energy collector and storage chamber was developed and connected to a developed solar dryer to serve as a heat source at night. No load test was carried out at night when the dryer was subjected to four different conditions: valve opened and surface of the collector covered; valve opened and surface of the collector uncovered; valve closed and surface of the collector covered; and valve closed and surface of the collector uncovered. Load test was conducted by drying five different grains; maize, soyabean, groundnut, cowpea and sorghum during daytime using the dryer and applying the best combination of energy supplied and surface of the collector at night. The result showed that the highest temperature difference of 35ºC and 33ºC were attained in the flat plate collector and drying chamber respectively, when the valve was opened and the surface of the collectors were covered. The load test revealed that there was a slight reduction in the moisture content of grains between midnight and 5 am. The highest moisture reduction (4%) was recorded during drying of sorghum while the least moisture reduction (1%) was recorded when drying cowpea at night. In conclusion, for continuous solar drying of grains at night using stored energy, the valve controlling the heat storage chamber should be opened and the surface of the collector should be covered to obtain optimum temperature within the drying chamber. Conserved heat energy from the energy storage chamber ensures continuous drying of smaller grains (sorghum) and at least prevents moisture re-absorption in larger grains (cowpea and maize).

All over the world, additive and subtractive manufacturing are the two basic manufacturing methods used for the development of engineering goods and products. In most cases, the method adopted by the manufacturers usually depends on its cost-effectiveness. However, most of the manufacturing industries in Nigeria have little or no information on the relative advantages and disadvantages of the two methods. This had led to many industries adopting one particular method hook, line and sinker without considering the merits that would be offered by the alternative manufacturing method. This paper, therefore, compared the two methods of manufacturing by carrying out reverse engineering of worn-out helical gears (components of a juice extractor) developed using additive and subtractive manufacturing techniques. The parts of the equipment were developed using a lathe, milling and deburring machines to carry out the drilling, turning, grinding, milling and deburring for subtractive manufacturing and 3-D printing machine for additive method. Two gears A and B were developed by both subtractive and additive methods using the dimension of two old gears, which serve as the basis for determining the variation of the nomenclatures of the developed gears from the standard. The time used for product development, cost of production and the energy expended during the production of the two gears using additive and subtractive manufacturing methods were also determined using appropriate methods. The study also showed that it is less expensive to produce both gears A and B using the additive method than the subtractive method. Similarly, in term of energy used, less energy was used during fabrication of the gears using additive method than subtractive method but in general, when you want to print a whole component at once the 3D printer volume could be a major constraint. Hence, the adaptation of additive manufacturing method as a whole or part with the existing subtractive method will help to improve manufacturing industries in Nigeria.

The extraction process of peanut oil has been a major concern for local processors due to the difficult task it constitutes during processing. The use of oil expellers has been found to reduce the difficulty in this task yet different processing factors tend to affect the efficiency of those oil expellers. In this study, the optimum peanut oil processing factors and their interaction were investigated using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with fractional factorial design (33) model of Central Composite Design (CCD). Processing factors such as Moisture Content (10, 12, and 14% db), Peanut Temperature (50, 65, and 80°C), and Water Quantity added during extraction (12, 14, and 16 ml). This aimed at providing the optimum parameter needed to obtain the optimum oil yield using a peanut oil expeller. From this study, it was observed that all three factors considered affecting the oil yield of peanuts during extraction. Only water quantity added during extraction is statistically different. The optimum condition of the oil extraction processing parameter was observed at 50oC, 10 db, and 120 ml. The correlation coefficient (R-squared) of the model analysis was found to be 0.8901.

People used Psalm 91 during the time of pandemic with the notion that its use will ultimately save them and their love ones. However, many get dissapointed particularly when they lose their love ones despite using the Psalm. This had caused many to lose their faith in the word of God. But then, it is worthwhile for Christians to know that beyond the promise of deliverance as stated in Psalm 91, there is an everlasting protection promised by God. This is the ultimate deliverance that will ensure we escape the eternal damnation that will come upon the world on the last day. This will count us worthy to reign forever with Christ in heaven where there is no sickness or diseases.

During the 15th and 16th centuries, five epidemics of a disease characterized by high fever and profuse sweating ravaged England.  The disease became known as English sweating sickness because it started in England, though it also struck Ireland and mainland Europe.  The infectious disease was reportedly marked with pulmonary components, and the mortality rate was estimated to be between 30% and 50%.  The evidence of the “sweating sickness” story is medically fascinating and historically noteworthy as to its sudden appearance in 1485 and major disappearance in 1551.  This was a period when the Church of England broke away from the Roman Catholic Church; and the then Prince of Wales, Arthur Tudor, died possibly of sweating sickness.  The Church played a vital role during those periods: responses were made in the form of treatment (in Germany), ecclesiastical prayers, tailored worship, and devotions during those trying times, and the preservation of fragile records relating to the epidemics.