The aim of the research is to determine whether the fields of specialization in medicine differ according to gender. In addition, it was aimed to determine whether the fields of specialization, subspecialties, titles of physicians and ownership of the hospital differ according to gender. Materials and Methods: With this descriptive study, 23,473 physicians working in medical faculties affiliated to 88 public and foundation universities in Turkey were examined according to certain criteria. Results: Female physicians focused on medical pathology, skin and venereal diseases, histology and embryology, child and adolescent mental health and diseases, physical medicine and rehabilitation, family medicine; male physicians focused on orthopedics and traumatology, urology, neurosurgery, general surgery, cardiovascular surgery, plastic, reconstructive and aesthetic surgery, cardiology, otorhinolaryngology, thoracic surgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery. This differentiation between male and female physicians according to branches was statistically significant. While the difference between internal, surgical and basic medical sciences by gender was statistically significant, this difference in subspecialties was not statistically significant. Conclusion:There is a differentiation by gender among the main areas of expertise.There is a perception of masculinity for surgical branches and femininity for internal and basic medicine branches, and it can be said that physicians' specialization preferences are not independent of the sexist roles imposed on them by the society. Amaç: Araştırma ile tıpta uzmanlık alanlarının toplumsal cinsiyete göre farklılık arz edip etmediğinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Ayrıca, uzmanlık alanlarının, yan dal uzmanlık alanlarının, hekimlerin unvanı ve hastanenin mülkiyetinin cinsiyete göre farklılık arz edip etmediğinin belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı nitelikte tasarlanan araştırma ile Türkiye'deki 88 kamu ve vakıf üniversitesine bağlı tıp fakültesinde görev yapan 23.473 hekim belirli kriterlere göre incelenmiştir.

In Türkiye, postgraduate students are required to take the "Ph.D. proficiency exam" to pass the thesis stage and complete their education after completing their doctoral course period. The "proficiency process," which manifests itself as a long, difficult and stressful process, seems like a "steep mountain to cross" in the lives of doctoral students. This research examines the Ph.D. proficiency process from doctoral students' perspectives and determines the results. The interpretative phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research methods, was used; with the criterion sampling method, which is one of the purposive sampling methods, interviews were conducted with 9 participants and 55 pages of data were obtained, and the data were analyzed with thematic analysis. When the proficiency exam is evaluated as a whole, it has been determined that it has some positive and negative results. At the end of this whole process, the proficiency exam has gained meaning as a "compelling process," "learning and development process," "great exam," "understanding of inadequacy," and "an indescribable process." The information obtained from the research is a guide for students who will take the exam in the future. In addition, based on the research results, suggestions for students and suggestions for the exam are presented.