In cerebral palsy (CP), numerous primary problems are observed including muscle tone problems, muscle weakness, insufficient selective motor control, postural control, and balance problems. In the persistence of these problems for a long period, secondary problems including torsional deformities, joint contractures, scoliosis, and hip dysplasia can occur in time, and strategies formed by children to cope with these problems make up the tertiary problems. Hence, the most accurate and brief assessment of all of these problems mentioned above is crucial to determine an effective and precise physiotherapy program. In the assessment of children with CP, it is very important to receive a detailed story consisting of the birth story, to question underlying medical situations and to carry out physical assessment. In clinics, gross motor function, muscle tone, muscle length, muscle strength, and joint range of motion assessments are the most preferred ones.

Background. Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic disease of the skin, for which the pathogenesis is not known. It can lead to various changes of the skin and the genital area, potentially leading to both functional as well as cosmetic problems for the patient, thus disrupting the quality of life. In this study; the purpose was to review the clinical characteristics and the treatments of the 15 pediatric patients under the age of 18 followed up in our out-patient clinic with a diagnosis of LS and to compare the findings with literature data. Methods. Between 2011 and 2017, the files of 15 patients diagnosed clinically and/or histologically with LS in our clinic were retrospectively examined. The demographic characteristics, clinic and laboratory findings, treatment options of the patients are reported. Results. Of the patients included in the study 14 were girls and one was a boy. The average age was 11.6 years (5-17 years), the average age for the initial disease was 7.8 years (2-13 years). The average duration of the disease at the diagnosis was 3.9 years. The most common form was genital vulvar type (8/14 girls) without anal and cutaneous involvement, and each of them suffered from itching. One of the cases had genital LS as well as extragenital morphea lesions. Two of the 15 patients were ANA positive. The other antibodies were negative. In two cases with extragenital involvement, lesions were widespread and they were in blachkoid form. Conclusion. LS is a chronic disease that progresses with recurrences and regressions. In our study, the most common LS type was genital type (60%). There was extragenital involvement in 6 patients (40%). Extragenital involvement was the most common on the trunk. Diagnosis, treatment and follow-up during childhood is highly important to prevent any possible future anatomical or psychological damage and genital malignancies.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of trunk training on the trunk, upper and lower limb motor functions of children with bilateral spastic Cerebral Palsy. Methods: Thirty-six children were recruited for this study; 19 children were included in the trunk training group and 17 children were included in the control group. Motor functions of the children were assessed by the Trunk Control Measurement Scale, Gross Motor Function Measurement, Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test, Pediatric Balance Scale, Gillette Functional Assessment Scale, and Impact on Family Scale at baseline and after an 8 week of intervention period. Results: The Trunk Control Measurement Scale (p=0.008), Gross Motor Function Measurement (p=0.047), Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test (p=0.032), Pediatric Balance Scale (p=0.006), and Gillette Functional Assessment Scale (p=0.011) scores improved in favor of the trunk training group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Individually structured trunk training is a promising method to improve trunk, upper and lower extremity motor functions and activity levels of children with bilateral spastic Cerebral Palsy.

ÖzetEruptif vellus kıl kisti genelde göğüs ve ekstremitelerde ortaya çıkan, çok sayıda, asemptomatik, komedon benzeri papüllerle karakterize, ender rastlanan bir deri hastalığıdır. Çocuk ve genç erişkinlerde daha sık görülmektedir. Etyolojisi tam bilinmeyen rahatsızlık sporadik şekilde gelişebileceği gibi otozomal dominant yolla kalıtsal geçiş de gösterebilmektedir. Burada; yüzün alın ve yanak bölgelerinde yoğun yerleşim gösteren, çok sayıda, grimsi sarı-renginde papülleri bulunan, eruptif vellus kıl kisti tanısı koyduğumuz 28 yaşında bir kadın, lezyonların yüz yerleşimi ve farklı görünümü nedeniyle sunularak ayırıcı tanısı, tedavi alternatifleri literatür verileri eşliğinde tartışıldı. (Türkderm 2013; 47: 59-62) Anah tar Ke li me ler: Eruptif vellus kıl kisti, yüz Sum maryEruptive vellus hair cyst (EVHC) is a rare skin disease and is characterized by asymptomatic comedone-like papules on the anterior chest and limbs. EVHC is more common among children and young adults. Its etiology is not fully known, and it may occur sporadically or be inherited as an autosomal dominant gene. In this paper, we present a 28-year-old female patient with EVHC who presented with a large number of dense, grayish-yellow colored papules on frontal and cheek regions of the face. Due to the location of the lesions on the face and their dissimilar appearances, differential diagnosis and treatment alternatives are evaluated in the light of the literature. (Turkderm 2013; 47: 59-62 OlguBeş yıl önce, ilk alında başlayıp daha sonra yanaklara doğru yayılan küçük kabarıklıklar nedeniyle, 28 yaşındaki bir kadın hasta polikliniğimize başvurdu. Lezyonlarında kaşıntı şikayeti iletmeyen hastanın, daha çok kozmetik görünümünü bozmasından ve bunlarda ara sıra hissettiği ha f ağrıdan dolayı yakınması mevcuttu. Değişik sağlık birimlerinde sebasöz hiperplazi, Darier hastalığı, siringoma ve akne gibi tanılar alan hastada, uzun süre topikal tretinoin

This study aims to evaluate relationship between physical activity level, smartphone usage, back and neck health during Covid-19 pandemic. Participants between ages of 18-65 were included in study. Smartphone usage was evaluated with Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version, physical activity levels with short form of International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Oswestry Disability Index and Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire was used to evaluate back and neck problems. A total of 251 people (179 women, 72 men, age: 28.11±9.49 years, min-max: 18-62 years) participated in study. 134 participants (53.38%) had low physical activity levels; 35 individuals (13.94%) had sufficient physical activity levels while 82 participants (32.66%) were not physically active. A weak positive correlation was found between neck pain and total score of smartphone addiction scale, daily smartphone usage time, daily smartphone check frequency, and first check time after waking up (r=0.199, r=0.149, r=0.132, respectively). A weak negative correlation was found between neck pain and first check time after waking up (r=-0.145). As a result of study, it was observed that physical activity levels were insufficient in majority of individuals who participated in survey. The relationships we expected between physical activity level, smartphone usage characteristics, low back and neck health could not be demonstrated, only weak relationships were found between some features of smartphone use and neck health. We believe that finding solutions to increase physical activity levels of individuals during pandemic period will have both protective effects on health and will prevent problems by affecting musculoskeletal system positively.