The aim of this study was to research the associations between anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and patella alta and trochlear dysplasia in adult patients using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This retrospective study included 221 adult patients: 110 with acute complete noncontact ACL tears and 111 without ACL injuries who underwent knee MRI procedures between May 2016 and July 2018. After the ACL injuries were verified using the sagittal proton density images, the patellar height and patellar tendon length were measured on the sagittal T1-weighted images, and the Insall–Salvati ratio (ISR) was calculated. In the axial proton density MRI scans, according to the Dejour and Le Coultre classification of trochlear dysplasia, the knees were classified as normal or as types A, B, C, or D. The patellar length was not significantly different between the patient and control groups (41.5 ± 3.3 vs. 41.0 ± 2.9 mm, respectively). An increased patellar tendon length (46.1 ± 3.9 vs. 44.5 ± 3.4 mm, respectively) and an increased ISR (1.11 ± 0.08 vs. 1.08 ± 0.06, respectively) were measured in the patient group (with the ACL tears). In the group with the ACL tears, the rate of trochlear dysplasia was higher (15.45%) than that in the healthy group (4.5%). Of the 17 trochlear dysplasia patients in the ACL group, 11 were type A (10%), 2 were type B (1.82%), 3 were type C (2.73%), and 1 was type D (0.91%). Results showed increased patellar tendon lengths, ISRs, and trochlear dysplasia in the patients with the ACL injuries when compared with the healthy control group. Although the causative relationship has not yet been clearly elucidated, one should keep in mind that these variations may be risk factors for ACL tears.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common form of peripheral nerve entrapment, which is observed due to compression of the median nerve at the level of the carpal tunnel in the wrist. Bifid median nerve and persistent median artery association are rare, and they may be independent risk factors for CTS. These rare entities are usually asymptomatic, but in cases of acute thrombosis or dilatation of the persistent median artery, acute findings can be seen. We report a case of acute CTS due to thrombosis of a persistent median artery and associated bifurcated median nerve during pregnancy.

BackgroundOsteitis pubis (OP) is a common source of groin and extra-articular hip pain and is associated with intra-articular hip pathology. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of osteitis pubis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in non-athletic patients with cam-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI).MethodsThis retrospective cross-sectional study included 178 subjects: 90 patients with cam-type FAI diagnosed by MRI and 88 subjects used as a control group. Additionally, their MRI data were analyzed for the characteristics of osteitis pubis, with severity graded from minimal to severe on a four-point scale.ResultsA total of 98 patients and 88 controls were studied. Seventy-two males (80%) and 18 females (20%) were the patient group, whereas 71 males (80.68%) and 17 females (19.32%) were the control group. The mean alpha angle of the patients with FAI was 65.8 ± 3.3° in the right side and 66.2 ± 3.2° in the left side, whereas in the control group, it was 47 ± 5.6° in the right side and 47.8 ± 5.2° in the left side. Alpha angle measurements were significantly higher in the patient group than the control group (p < 0.001). A statistically significant increase in the prevalence of osteitis pubis was found in patients with cam-type FAI (45.56%) compared to control subjects (5.68%) (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that the frequency of osteitis pubis was increased in non-athletic patients with FAI syndrome. Further studies are required to determine whether these findings reflect the clinical symptoms in patients with hip pain.

Objective: Radiologists encounter bone marrow reconversion (BMR) frequently when evaluating knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It is clinically important to know what these changes may be related to. The aim of this study to investigate the relationships between BMR at MRI with age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking and hemoglobin (hgb) levels in healthy adults. Methods: In this prospective study, 107 healthy adults aged 26-62 years (55 women, 52 men) were evaluated with knee MRI. The participants were divided according to the smoking histories as two groups: nonsmokers and heavy smokers. Red bone marrow changes examined by a radiologist in coronal T1-weighted sequences and classified into four groups according to their sizes. The levels of blood hgb of all patients were acquired and BMIs' were calculated. Statistical analyzes were performed with the SPSS 17.0 program. Results: 24 (54.55%) of 44 patients with BMR were nonsmokers and 20 (45.45%) were heavy smokers. No statistically relation was found between marrow BMR and smoking history (p>0,05). BMR was found to be more prevalent in obese female patients and over 41 years old patients (p<0,001). A statistically significant relationship between the grades of BMR and hgb values was detected (p=0.013). Conclusions: Whereas BMR is irrelevant with smoking, it is common especially in middle aged obese women. A significant relationship was found between the hgb values and the grades of BMR. These parameters should be kept in mind when BMR seen in MRI and these patients should be directed to laboratory assessment for anemia.

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