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The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of new advanced processes (ultrasound, ozonation, and ultraviolet) on cotton woven fabric's hydrophility and polymerization degrees, breaking strengths, whiteness, and desizing degrees. For this purpose, all trials were realized with water at 63-65°C by the aid of advanced processes. At the end of the experiments, it was noticed that advanced processes can be used in pretreatment of cotton fabrics. Ultrasonic treatment followed by ozonation gives sufficient whiteness degrees and hydrophilily values to the fabric. At the same time, treatment of cotton fabrics with new processes provides savings of thermal energy, water, and chemicals. Moreover, these processes are considered as green processes because they are ecological in certain conditions when compared with conventional processes.

Design requirements for industrial size ultrasound bath for textile treatments have been determined. For this purpose, effects of sound pressure level, bath temperature, bath volume, textile material type and hydrophility degree of fabric were examined extensively. Finite element analysis (FEA) was used to investigate spacing and alignment of the ultrasound source transducers to reach effective and homogenous acoustic pressure distribution in the bath. It was found that textile material type, bath temperature and volume led to significant changes at sound pressure level. These parameters should be taken into consideration in designing of industrial size ultrasound bath for textile treatments. Besides, wettability of textiles is highly dependent to the distance from the transducers.

Wet processing of textile materials consumes a large amount of electricity, fuel, and water. Therefore, greenhouse gas emissions and contaminated effluent are environmental problem. The most of the governments in the world warn all the industrial sectors containing textile manufacturing to be careful about environmental pollution. Increasing in public awareness of environment and competitive global market forces the textile industry to manufacture textile products environmentally. Environmental pollution in textile wet processes can be reduced by four main ways. They are process optimization (reducing in water, chemical energy consumption, and time loss), use of ecofriendly chemicals, reuse of water, and new technologies like ozone and plasma technologies, transfer printing, enzymatic processes, etc. This chapter is about the use of ozone in the textile industry.