There is a well-articulated rationale in the literature for the routine implementation of program evaluation by school counselors and thus, a desire within the profession to develop program evaluation competencies among pre-service school counselors. In this article, existing school counselor program evaluation competencies mentioned in the literature were critically overviewed. For this purpose, the school counseling publications between 2000 and 2017 were reviewed to identify on school counselor competencies in program evaluation. These articles are summarized and analyzed based on Stevahn, King, Ghere & Minnema’s competency taxonomy to better understand the current situation. The literature revealed that to date, school counseling literature has focused primarily on technical competencies in program evaluation. In addition to that, some other important program evaluation skills such as interpersonal relationships and professional/ethical issues in program evaluation have not been explored in the literature.
Turkey has an earthquake-prone geography, and as in Turkey, when professional resources are not sufficiently available in a community hit by a disaster, volunteer search-and-rescue workers’ help is crucial for quickly meeting disaster-area needs. However, few studies focus on volunteer search-and-rescuer’s post-traumatic reactions although trauma literature has grown regarding professional search-and-rescue teams’ post-traumatic responses. Based on this gap in the literature, this study was conducted. This qualitative study provides an in-depth understanding of secondary trauma and vicarious post-traumatic growth among 13 search-and-rescue team workers involved in disaster relief activities following the 2020 Izmir earthquake in Turkey. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, and an interpretive phenomenological approach was used. The findings revealed that the participants suffered secondary traumatic stress symptoms, namely, hyperarousal, intrusive images, and thoughts but experienced vicarious post-traumatic growth in discovering personal strength, relating to others, appreciating life, and striving to do their job better. This study’s findings can be a source for developing psychosocial post-disaster support services and interventions for volunteers and be used to improve pre-field preparation training content for voluntary search-and-rescue teams. The findings also underlined the fact that focusing on facilitating vicarious post-traumatic growth is as crucial as overcoming voluntary search-and-rescue workers’ post-traumatic stress.
Adölesan ve genç yetişkin kekeme bireylerde, "Camperdown Terapi Müdahale Programı (CTMP)" faz aşamalarının uygulandığı çalışma sınırlı sayıdadır. Adölesan ve genç yetişkin kekeme bireylerin, akıcılık yapılandırma terapisi [speech restructuring treatment (SRT)] olan, CTMP kullanılarak akıcısızlıklar üzerinde etkisi diğer kekemelik yaklaşımlarıyla karşılaştırma yapılarak ortaya konulması hedeflenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kekemelik sıklığı, kekemelik şiddeti, akıcılık bozukluğu şiddet derecesi ve konuşma doğallığı araştırmanın bağımlı değişkenleridir. SRT uygulanan Çalışma Grubu 1'i, diğer kekemelik terapi teknikleri olan akıcılık biçim-lendirme+kekemelik değiştirme birlikte terapi yaklaşımları Çalışma Grubu 2'yi oluşturmaktadır. Orta-ileri derecede kekemeliği olan 12-21 yaşları arasında toplam 8 adölesan ve 22-45 yaşları arası 8 genç yetişkin birey olmak üzere randomize atanan toplam 16 erkek kekeme bireye, 9 faz 4 aşamadan oluşan CTMP terapinin hemen öncesinde izleme aşamalarında (1,3 ve 6. ay) ve 12. ayda uygulanmıştır. Kekemelik şiddetini değerlendirme aracı (SSI-4-TR), akıcılık şiddeti değerlendirme skalası, akıcılık tekniği kullanım ölçeği, Camperdown Programı durum ölçüm şeması, Camperdown Programı günlük ölçüm grafiği, konuşma doğallığı skalası kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Camperdown Programı'nın, adölesan ve genç yetişkin kekeme bireylerde terapi öncesi başlangıç zamanı ile terapi sonrası son evredeki kekemelik sıklığı, kekemelik şiddeti, dk'da kelime sayısı, akıcılık şiddeti ve konuşma doğallığı parametreleri karşılaştırıldığında olumlu yönde anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur. 16 bireyin 14'ünde 6. aydaki değerlendirme sonuçlarına göre %85,7, 12. ayda %88,2 oranında spontan konuşmada akıcılık sağlanmıştır. Genç yetişkinlerin kekemelik şiddeti ve akıcılık şiddeti 6. ayda; adölesan bireylerde konuşma doğallığı 3. ayda anlamlı farklılık göstermiştir (p=0,015). İki grup arasında terapi üstünlüğü açısından konuşma doğallığında anlamlı farklılık bulunmamıştır. Sonuç: Camperdown Programı, kekemelik üzerinde etkili bir müdahale programıdır. Anah tar Ke li me ler: Akıcılık yapılandırma terapisi; Camperdown KekemelikMüdahale Programı; kekemelik grup terapisi; konuşma doğallığı; akıcılığı biçimlendirme ABS TRACT Objective: There are limited number of studies about adolescents and young adult who stutter were applied phases of "Camperdown Therapy Intervention Program (CTIP)". It is aimed to demonstrate the effect of CTIP -one of the speech restructuring treatment (SRT) in adolescent and young adult who stutter-in comparison to others (fluency shaping+stuttering modification integrated therapy approaches). Material and Methods: Stuttering frequency, %SS, SPM, speech rate and speech naturalness were dependent variables of this study. CTIP, consisting of 9 phases and 4 stages with 96 clinician hours was applied to a total of 16 male stutterer with moderate to severe stuttering. 8 of 16 were adolescents who were randomized controlled trial assigned between 12-21 years of age and 8 young adults were between the ages of 22-45. S...
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