Biodiesel merupakan bahan bakar alternatif yang berasal dari bahan bakar nabati dan hewani yang tergolong dapat diperbarui. Bahan nabati yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku contohnya seperti biji alpukat. Biji alpukat yang melalui proses pengepresan menghasilkan minyak dan getah (gum). Proses degumming dilakukan untuk memisahkan minyak dan getah dengan menggunakan asam phospat 0,5%v/v. Kandungan FFA dapat digunakan pada proses transesterifikasi untuk menghasilkan metil ester dengan perbandingan minyak dan metanol serta lama waktu transesterifikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbandingan minyak dan metanol serta pengaruh waktu terhadap rendemen biodiesel dan menentukan karakteristik biodiesel yang dihasilkan sesuai dengan standar SNI 04-7182-2015. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan menggunakan metode Rancang Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 2 faktorial yaitu perbandingan minyak dan metanol (1:4, 1:6, 1:8) dan lama waktu transesterifikasi yaitu (30 menit, 60 menit, 90 menit). Parameter karakteristik biodiesel yang dianalisis meliputi densitas, viskositas, bilangan asam, angka setana, nilai kalor, angka iodin dan kadar metil ester yang sesuai dengan SNI 04-7182-2015. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen tertinggi terdapat pada sampel A3T1 (perbandingan 1:8 dengan lama waktu transesterifikasi 30 menit). Hasil pengujian mutu A3T1 yaitu densitas 968 kg/m3, viskositas 4,6037 mm2/s, bilangan asam 0,4 mgKOH/gr, angka setana 44,77, nilai kalor 48,81 MJ/kg, angka iodine 8,10 gram/100gram dan kadar metal ester 94,05%.Kata kunci: Biji alpukat; biodiesel; pemurnian Utilizing Avocado Seed Extraction (Persea americana Mill) as Bioidesel Raw Material by Purifying Water WashingABSTRACTBiodiesel is an alternative fuel derived from vegetable and animal fuels that is classified as renewable resource. Vegetable materials that can be used as raw materials for example are avocado seeds. Through the pressing process, avocado seeds will produce oil and gum. The degumming process is carried out to separate the oil and the gum using 0.5% v/v phosphoric acid. FFA content can be used in the transesterification process to produce methyl esters with a ratio of oil and methanol and the length of transesterification time. This research aims to determine the effect of the ratio of oil and methanol as well as the effect of time on the yield of biodiesel and to determine the characteristics of biodiesel in accordance with SNI 04-7182-2015 biodiesel standards.The research was designed using Complete Randomized Design (CRD) method with 2 factorial comparisons of oil and methanol (1:4, 1:6, 1:8) and the length of transesterification time (30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes). The analyzed parameters of biodiesel characteristics include density, viscosity, acid number, cetane number, calorific value, iodine number and metal ester content in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard number 04-7182-2015. The results showed that the highest yield was in the A3T1 sample (1:8 ratio with 30 minutes transesterification time). A3T1 quality test results showed the density of 968 kg/m3, 4.6037 mm2/s viscosity, 0.4 mgKOH/gr acid number, 44.77 cetane number, 48.81 MJ/kg calorific value, 8.10 gram/100gram iodine number and 94.05% of ester metal content.Keywords: Avocado seed; biodiesel; purification
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