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Background: Awareness of protective behaviors against haze plays an important role in disease prevention and control. Students, who are in turn educated by teachers, are one of the important groups that can transfer health-related concepts to families. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate teachers' knowledge, attitudes, and behavior regarding adopting healthy behaviors upon exposure to haze using the health belief model (HBM). Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical (cross-sectional) study was performed on 250 primary school teachers from Zabol County by cluster sampling. Data were gathered by multi-section questionnaires. Its validity and reliability have been evaluated. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 21) using proper statistical tests at a significance level of P < 0.05. Results: Teachers were in the average age range of 38.66±6.81 years. Mean scores of behavior, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy were obtained as 11.88±2.47, 26.42±43.10, 26.42±4.10, 22.43±4.10, 28.26±5.12, 10.73±2.06, respectively. There was a significant relationship between awareness and protective behavior (r= 0.61, P=0.0012). Health belief model constructs were able to predict about 39.8% of the variance of protective behavior, with the level of Education (B = 0.369) being the strongest predictor. Conclusion: Results show that the design and implementation of educational programs based on the HBM in schools are effective in the promotion of awareness and empowerment with the aim of increasing protective behavior in teachers in the face of the haze phenomenon.

Introduction and objective: The prevalence of Covid-19 has become a clinical threat worldwide. However, knowledge about this new virus is limited. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the preventive behaviors of Covid-19 based on the constructs of health belief model (HBM) in the clients of health centers in Zabol, Iran. Methods: This descriptive–analytical (cross-sectional) study was performed on 160 people referring to health centers in Zabol by the available method. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using SPSS20 software and appropriate statistical tests. Results: A positive and significant correlation was observed between preventive behaviors of Covid-19 and perceived benefit constructs (r = 0.29, P = 0.0001) and self-efficacy (r = 0.39, P = 0.0001). HBM constructs were able to predict about 36% of the variance of Covid-19 disease preventive behaviors, with self-efficacy (B = 0.134) being the strongest predictor. Conclusion: Since no specific and definitive treatment for Corona has been found yet, taking preventive measures can be the best way to prevent the spread of this disease in the community. Therefore, this can be achieved by raising awareness and preventive behaviors through health education.

This research aimed to investigate and explain maintenance and retention model of Knowledge workers in MECO Company in 2015. The research statistical population consisted of all Knowledge workers with working conditions in MECO Company. Based on the estimation, the number of eligible employees was determined 138 people. 102 people among these were considered as sample size using Cochran formula and simple random sampling method. Data collection methods had been both qualitative and quantitative. Effective components were extracted on the basis of statements recorded from interviewees, discussions and dialogues, principles of observations, documentation and so on. It also was measured by researcher-made questionnaire. Questionnaire reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha method. Its value for all variables of questionnaire was acceptable values higher than 0.7. Similarly, the content validity was used to test the validity of the questionnaire. For this purpose the questionnaires were confirmed by relevant experts. Data obtained from the implementation of questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS software in two descriptive and inferential parts. Finally, the research results in the form of a model confirmed role of factors such as organizational structure of occupational satisfaction, communication system, evaluation and control system, organizational culture, pay and reward system, and job stress in the retention and maintenance of Knowledge workers in MECO Company.