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Despite previous studies that consider the sharing and creation of knowledge as a prerequisite for innovation, we believe that in companies with high technologies such as nanotechnology, these three variables are in an interactive line and improvement of the scope of each variable will result in the improvement of the scope of other two ones. For this reason, after designing the questionnaire based on the literature and determining the sample size, finally, 134 questionnaires were collected from the activists of nanotechnology companies in Tehran, which constituted the final sample of the study. As a contribution to the present research, in-depth interviews of quality function deployment (QFD) model were conducted with seven managers of the study companies, who had agreed to participate in the study. Finally, 10 strategies including development of venture capital firms, introducing benefits of nanotechnology to society, adoption of the laws of intellectual property, and tax exemption were introduced for nanotechnology companies. 60 A. Sazvar et al.

In this study existing studies on entrepreneurial knowledge were reviewed and their limitations were identified. Data were collected through a survey, using a convenience sample of 438 female employees of co-operative sector in Iran. Our questionnaire was containing questions about entrepreneurship barriers that collected from literature review and 40 hours interview with women entrepreneurs in co-operative sector. Research findings indicate that the seven categories of barriers are effective on entrepreneurship of female employees. Also, the results of analysis of variance showed that the effectiveness of the seven categories of barriers to entrepreneurship of female employees is different. So, the use of AHP techniques to determine the significance of each of the barriers showed that infrastructure barriers have the maximum impact and cultural barriers have minimal impact on female employee’s tendency toward entrepreneurship activities.