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In this study, we estimate the macroeconomics instability index over the period . Using the definition of Fischer and Bleaney, the study calculates the "macroeconomics instability index". In order to compute the macroeconomics instability index, four sub-indices of inflation rate, the fractional ratio of budget to the gross national product, the ratio of foreign debt to the gross national product, and the ratio of the free exchange rate to the official exchange rate as the determinant variables of the macroeconomics instability are considered. Then, the study estimates the equations for long-term processes for each variable and determines the deviations from the real values. We also obtain the time series for the macroeconomics instability index, using the calculated simple mean of the variables' deviations and discuss the results.

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Achieving optimal economic growth is always one of the most important goals of any country, and due to the role of public debt in financing capital and economic growth, different views have been formed in this regard. One of the most recent views pertains to the non-linear relationship between public debt and economic growth. In this view, in the first regime, public debt has a positive and significant effect on economic growth, while in the second regime and after crossing the threshold level, it has a negative effect on economic growth. Accordingly, this study attempts to investigate the nonlinear effect of public debt on the economic growth rate for a selected group of countries; it also attempts to determine their respective threshold level. For this purpose, using the data for the period 1980-2017 and the Pool model, the existence of nonlinear effect of public debt on economic growth was investigated; In addition, using the threshold regression model (PTR), the debt threshold level of each country was determined. Findings confirmed an asymmetric U-reverse effect of public debt on economic growth. Correspondingly, it was found that the threshold level in the selected countries is lower on average compared with developed countries.

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