With the rapid advancements made in biotechnology, bioethical discourse has become increasingly important. Bioethics is a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary field that goes beyond the realm of natural sciences, and has involved fields in the domain of the social sciences. One of the important areas in bioethical discourse is religion. In a country like Malaysia, where Muslims make up the majority of the population, Islam plays a crucial role in providing the essential guidelines on the permissibility and acceptability of biotechnological applications in various fields such as medicine, agriculture, and food processing. This article looks at the framework of a complementary model of bioethics derived from the perspective of Islam. The framework is based on 'maqasid al-shariah' (purposes or objectives of Islamic law) which aims to protect and preserve mankind's faith, life, intellect, progeny, and property. It is proposed that 'maqasid al-shariah' be used as a pragmatic checklist that can be utilized in tackling bioethical issues and dilemmas.

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This research aims to analyse 1) the interest of the European Union on Renewable Energy Directive; 2) the protection forms of the European Union on Renewable Energy Directive toward Indonesian Palm Oil; 3) the transformation of Indonesia palm oil managerial after of European Union Renewable Energy Directive. The result of this research shows that there is two interest of the European Union in implementing the policy of Renewable Energy Directive, that is in environment protection with simultaneous criteria and palm oil protection in European unions. It is found that trading protection towards Indonesian palm oil is a form of green protectionism. This protection then implements non-tariff protection as a form of trade barrier. It impacts palm oil exports from Indonesia to the European Union. This protection influenced the policy transformation of palm oil management in Indonesia. The policies are RSPO, ISPO, Presidential Directive on Primary Forest and Peatland, and Presidential Directive on Moratorium and Forest Land Allocation. This research proves that palm oil production in Indonesia changed after the implementation of the Renewable Energy Directive in the European Union. This improvement of palm oil production proves that the policy is influenced by the market drives and not an only environmental issue.

Despite the fact that Islam being one of/counts among the major religions of the world, scientific progress in Muslim majority countries seems to be lagging behind the rest of the world. Therefore, there have been calls by Muslim scholars and clerics to bridge the gap between Islam and science, especially for young Muslims, by harmonising science and Islam in education. This study aims to analyze the documents pertaining to Islam, Science, and Education (ISE) extracted from the historical literature. For the purpose of analysis, firstly documents were retrieved from a scientific database and secondly, a descriptive analysis of temporal trends was conducted. The documents clustered according to as the time-lined categories were and then analysed qualitatively. Later, using VOS viewer, the analysis of spatial distribution, networks, and keywords was conducted. It was found that the evolution of ISE converged into a broader spectrum from earlier in medicine and later to other areas, which encompassed Qur’ānic studies, social studies and economics, and even technology. The volume of publication versus the network links strength provided evidence that there is a need to stimulate collaborative works by/through knowledge dissemination through/from an authoritative platform for the researches concerning ISE. This study also discovered that some severe biases that might contribute towards the results being skewed in the finding or even underrepresentation of scholarly works in ISE. The findings of this study are beneficial for the researchers reviewing this topic and the educators working to harmonize Islam and science in education.

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