Background Globally, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality. In developing countries, it accounts for more than 30% of all maternal deaths. So, understanding its burden in the health care setting is significant. Thus, this study aimed to assess the magnitude of PPH and its associated factors among women who gave birth at Yirgalem General Hospital, Sidama Region, Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 12 to 26, 2020 among randomly selected 298 women. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered, structured, and pretested questionnaire. EpiData version 3.1 and SPSS version 20 were used to enter and analyze the data, respectively. Descriptive statistics, bivariable, and multivariable logistic regression analysis were done. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to measure the presence and strength of association between the independent and the outcome variables. A P-value ≤.05 was considered to declare statistical significance. Result The magnitude of PPH was 9.4% [95% CI: 6.0, 12.8]. Prolonged labor (≥24 h) [AOR = 3.4, 95% CI: 1.1, 9.9], giving birth by cesarean section [AOR = 5.8, 95% CI: 1.1, 22.0], and instrumental vaginal delivery [AOR = 3.7, 95% CI: 1.1, 12.7], and having a history of the uterine atony [AOR = 4.8, 95% CI: 1.4, 16.6] during their last delivery were factors significantly associated with PPH. Conclusion The magnitude of PPH was high. Healthcare professionals should manage the progress of labor and take all necessary measures at right time. Also, giving attention to the safety of delivery-related procedures and early related potential risks is crucial.

Background Around two and half million neonatal mortality occurred in 2017, especially in developing countries. This study was conducted to determine the determinants of neonatal mortality among newborns admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit at Dilla University Referral Hospital in Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Methods An unmatched case-control study was conducted from February, 24 to March 6, 2020 at Dilla University Referral Hospital in Gedeo Zone Southern Ethiopia. A total of 304 neonates (76 cases and 228 controls) were involved. Neonates registered as died were considered as cases and neonates registered as improved were considered as controls. Data were extracted by pretested checklists from medical records of neonates admitted during the last one year period. Data was entered into EpiData3.1, and analyzed by statistical package for social science software Version 22.Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to identify determinants associated with neonatal mortality. Finally, AORs at 95 % CI and P-values < 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance. Results In this study, a total of 304 cases were assessed with 100 % reviewed rate. It was found that referrals from other health facilities, [AORs = 2.43, 95 % CI (1.14, 5.22)], gestational age < 37 weeks,[AORs = 2.50, 95 % CI (1.12, 5.58)], the weight of newborn < 2500 g, [AORs = 2.44, 95 % CI (1.13, 5.28)], neonates positive for sepsis, [AORs = 2.45, 95 % CI (1.11, 5.41)]and neonates who not breastfed within first hour after delivery,[AORs = 5.24, 95 % CI (2.42, 11.37)] were statistically significant determinants to neonatal mortality. Conclusions This study suggests that referral, gestational age, weight of newborn, sepsis and breastfeeding were significant determinants to neonatal mortality. This study shows that neonatal intensive care unit service should be strengthened in Dilla University Referral Hospital; targeting neonate aged below 28 days. Most of these determinants may be prevented and minimized by strengthening referral linkage, improving intrapartum and postpartum care.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the inappropriate use of antibiotics, its reasons and contributing factors among communities of Yirgalem town, Sidama regional state, Ethiopia. Methods: The study was conducted in Yirgalem town from 1 March to 30 March 2019. A cross-sectional study with interviewer administered structured and pretested questionnaire was used. A multistage sampling procedure was employed involving a total of 568 participants who used antibiotics in the past 1 year prior to the study period. Data were entered into Epi data version 3.1, and then exported to statistical package for social science version 20 for analysis. Descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were done. p-value < 0.05 was used to consider significant variables. Results: The magnitude of inappropriate use of antibiotics was 37.9% (95% confidence interval (34.0, 41.5)). Main reason(s) for inappropriate use were long delays in health facility, cost-cutting and busy day’s program. Being employed (adjusted odds ratio = 3.45, 95% confidence interval (1.98, 6.02)), age 25–34 years (adjusted odds ratio = 2.89, 95% confidence interval (1.43, 5.84)), being male (adjusted odds ratio = 1.90, 95% confidence interval (1.20, 3.02)), seeking modern healthcare in private clinic (adjusted odds ratio = 2.54, 95% confidence interval (1.20, 5.36)), delayed waiting time in healthcare facilities (adjusted odds ratio = 4.87, 95% confidence interval (2.17, 10.91)), experienced with similar symptom/disease (adjusted odds ratio = 3.02, 95% confidence interval (1.89, 4.83)) and family size above five (adjusted odds ratio = 8.92, 95% confidence interval (3.56, 22.38)) were predictors positively associated with inappropriate use of antibiotics. Conclusion: The magnitude of inappropriate antibiotics use was high. Attention should be given to community education through involvement of the private health sector and healthcare providers about rational use of antibiotics.

Background. A postnatal care given after childbirth is a critical care to promote health and to prevent complications of the mother and newborn. However, utilization of this service is low in Ethiopia, and little is known about its coverage and determinants. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of early postnatal-care service utilization and its associated factors among mothers in Hawassa Zuria district, Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted from 20 February to 20 March 2020 in Hawassa Zuria District among randomly selected 320 mothers. Data were collected by using interviewer-administered structured questionnaires. Data entered were into Epi data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. Descriptive, bivariable, and multivariable logistic regression analysis with odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were conducted. A P value <0.05 was considered a statistically significant association. Finally, the results were presented by texts, tables, and figures. Result. The prevalence of early postnatal-care service utilization was 29.7% (95% CI = 24.7, 35.5). Age below 25 years [AOR = 3.2 (95% CI = 1.37, 7.48)], having planned and supported pregnancy for last birth [AOR = 2.2 (95% CI = 1.13, 4.38)], having information about obstetric danger signs [AOR = 2.1 (95% CI = 1.25, 3.78)], and having positive attitude on use postnatal services [AOR = 3.5 (95% CI = 1.94, 6.32)] were factors associated with early postnatal-care utilization. Conclusion. The finding revealed that early postnatal-care utilization in the study area was low. Strengthening family planning services, giving information on obstetrics danger signs, and creating awareness about postnatal care will improve uptake of the service in a timely manner.

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