The determination of Zirconium and Hafnium in presence of each other in geological sample Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP adjusted and the suitable zirconium and hafnium lines were selected to give the most accurate determination each line was tested by a solution of 20 ppm zirconium mixed with 1 ppm hafnium to obtain the most sensitive lines which were 339.198 nm for zirconium and 239.336 nm for hafnium. effect of the major elements of monazite as Uranium, Thorium, Rare earth elements, Iron and Aluminium on the determination of the elements under studying. T which was upgraded of about 97% purity; the sample was leached by concentrated sulfuric acid (H zircon which contains zirconium and hafnium as a residue decomposition and measured by ICP-OES (Nuclear Materials Authority, Egypt) on the selected lines.

More attention has been paid to trace elements in zircons, because they carry important information such as trace elements mobility and partitioning. The studied zircons were separated from both older and younger granite of G. Bab El-Mekhaniq, south of Wadi El Atrash, Northeastern Desert, Egypt. Electron microprobe analyses show that zircons from younger granites contain higher contents of Al 2 O 3, Fe 2 O 3 , ThO 2 , UO 2, HfO 2 and CaO and lower values of ZrO 2 compared to zircons from older granitoids. Two geochemical populations of zircons of the younger granites are recognized. Zircons of population (1) are higher in HfO 2 content than zircons of population (2), which are higher in UO 2 + ThO 2 + REE contents. The replacement of Zr by tetravalent cations (Th, U and Hf) is interpreted regarding the trace elements mobility and partitioning in zircons of the most evolved granites. The enrichment of LREEs may be due to subsets of analyses of population 2 zircons that appear to result from incorporation of mineral inclusions in the analyzed volume.

This experiment was carried out to determine Uranium in a geological samples collected from Gattar area, North Eastern Desert of Egypt which examined by scanning electron microscope (EDX) to be characterized by hematization, silicification, muscovitization and fluoritization which are the most dominant alteration associated with the uranium mineralization. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was used for this study. Two methods of digestion of samples were used in the experiment and four emission lines were selected for uranium to choose the more sensitive one. The physical parameter conditions were adjusted by using standard solution of uranium to be 1200 W for RF power current, 35 psi for nebulizer gas pressure and 18 L/min for coolant gas pressure. The interference effect of some elements was studied on the selected line and showed that, the determination of uranium by ICP-OES is affected seriously by iron, aluminum, calcium, thorium and rare earth elements. The results of uranium determination at 303.199 nm with precipitation method were compared with the results from XRF method which shown acceptable accuracy and low time consuming other method.