In this study, a range of physicochemical properties (dimensions, kernel volume, mass unit, bulk and true densities, porosity, terminal velocity, static friction coefficient against different surfaces, oil content and fatty acids composition) of the Bojnordi and Fakhri cultivars of grape seeds were studied. Fatty acid composition for both cultivars of grape seeds consisted of palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid. The values for palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid for the Bojnordi cultivar were 9.56, 4.37, 22.87, 62.85 and 0.33% and for the Fakhri cultivar were 9.22, 4.33, 19.75, 66.40 and 0.28%, respectively. All physical properties of the grape seed cultivars were significantly affacted by the moisture content in the studied range (11.5 to 23.9 w.b.%). For both cultivars (Bojnordi and Fakhri), the relationships between physical properties and moisture content were linear.

Taxus baccata L. (English yew) is one of the most important medicinal tree species globally. It is wellknown for its Taxol content. Here, we report the isolation and characterisation of 31 new polymorphic microsatellite loci from a repeat-enriched genomic library of T. baccata L. The genetic diversity of these loci was assessed in 48 individual samples of T. baccata L. All loci were variable: the number of polymorphic alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 9 (average 4.45). The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.15 to 1 and from 0.14 to 0.83, respectively. The loci were informative with polymorphic information content values that ranged from 0.21 to 0.82 (average 0.55). Nineteen of the 31 loci conformed to Hardy-Weinberg expectations. The loci identified in this study should provide useful tools to study the population structure and genetic diversity of T. baccata L. and promote its management and conservation.

No abstract

by these QTLs varies from 7.07 to 39.04%. Highest LOD scores were obtained for the leaf to stem ratio on chromosome 2H. QTLs for forage quality indexes (total digestible nutrient, dry organic matter digestibility, leaf to stem ratio and seed to forage ratio) were found on chromosomes 1H, 2H, 3H and 5H. QTLs for forage quantity indexes (forage wet and dry matter) were mapped on chromosomes 1H, 2H, 3H and 5H. Mapped QTLs appear to be stable between locations. Therefore, gain through marker-assisted selection (MAS) in this population would be efficient.Salt stress as one of the most important abiotic stress, plays an important role in the yield reduction of crop plants worldwide. It is now recognized that tolerance to salinity is genetically and physiologically complex and also inherited quantitatively. Molecular marker aided selection technique for salinity tolerance, would accelerate breeding progress by increasing selection efficiency. Barley is a short-season, early maturing, diploid and self pollinating crop, thus it is an ideal model plant for genetic and physiological studies of salinity tolerance. To map the Genes/QTLs for salinity tolerance in barley, and to determine the portion of each QTL in the phenotypic variation of the related traits, 72 doubled-haploid lines derived from a cross between Steptoe and Morex were investigated. This experiment was carried out under hydroponic system in botany laboratory of Zabol University in 2008. It was arranged as a completely randomized factorial experiment, with 3 replicates and four salinity levels (0, 5, 10, 15 ds/m). Phenotypic traits such as chlorophyll contents, chlorophyll florescence (Fo, Fv, Fm/Fv), prolin and carbohydrate rates, relative water content (RWC), germination percentage, coleoptiles length, stem and radicle length and their proportion, dry and wet weight of root and shoot were measured. QTL analysis was carried out using genetic linkage map derived from 327 RFLP molecular markers and QTL cartographer software with composite interval mapping method. In general we found 111 QTLs for the all traits (20 QTLs for free salinity condition, 22 QTLs for first salinity level, 14 QTLs for second salinity level, 30 QTLs for third salinity level and 25 QTLs for the mean of these four condition). Phenotypic variations that were explained by these QTLs, changed from 7.99 to 29.55. The highest and the lowest phenotypic variances were related to stem length in proportion to radicle length in free salinity condition and Fm/Fv in first salinity level, respectively. LOD score was ranged in 2.52-6.67. The highest and the lowest LOD were attained for the QTLs of stem length in proportion to radicle length in free salinity condition (Q2sh/rs0) and stem length in first salinity level (Q2shs1). Mapped QTLs appear to be unstable between conditions. Therefore, gain through marker-assisted selection (MAS) in this population for salt tolerance would be inefficient.Salt stress as one of the most important abiotic stress plays an important role in the yield reduction of crop p...

by these QTLs varies from 7.07 to 39.04%. Highest LOD scores were obtained for the leaf to stem ratio on chromosome 2H. QTLs for forage quality indexes (total digestible nutrient, dry organic matter digestibility, leaf to stem ratio and seed to forage ratio) were found on chromosomes 1H, 2H, 3H and 5H. QTLs for forage quantity indexes (forage wet and dry matter) were mapped on chromosomes 1H, 2H, 3H and 5H. Mapped QTLs appear to be stable between locations. Therefore, gain through marker-assisted selection (MAS) in this population would be efficient.Salt stress as one of the most important abiotic stress, plays an important role in the yield reduction of crop plants worldwide. It is now recognized that tolerance to salinity is genetically and physiologically complex and also inherited quantitatively. Molecular marker aided selection technique for salinity tolerance, would accelerate breeding progress by increasing selection efficiency. Barley is a short-season, early maturing, diploid and self pollinating crop, thus it is an ideal model plant for genetic and physiological studies of salinity tolerance. To map the Genes/QTLs for salinity tolerance in barley, and to determine the portion of each QTL in the phenotypic variation of the related traits, 72 doubled-haploid lines derived from a cross between Steptoe and Morex were investigated. This experiment was carried out under hydroponic system in botany laboratory of Zabol University in 2008. It was arranged as a completely randomized factorial experiment, with 3 replicates and four salinity levels (0, 5, 10, 15 ds/m). Phenotypic traits such as chlorophyll contents, chlorophyll florescence (Fo, Fv, Fm/Fv), prolin and carbohydrate rates, relative water content (RWC), germination percentage, coleoptiles length, stem and radicle length and their proportion, dry and wet weight of root and shoot were measured. QTL analysis was carried out using genetic linkage map derived from 327 RFLP molecular markers and QTL cartographer software with composite interval mapping method. In general we found 111 QTLs for the all traits (20 QTLs for free salinity condition, 22 QTLs for first salinity level, 14 QTLs for second salinity level, 30 QTLs for third salinity level and 25 QTLs for the mean of these four condition). Phenotypic variations that were explained by these QTLs, changed from 7.99 to 29.55. The highest and the lowest phenotypic variances were related to stem length in proportion to radicle length in free salinity condition and Fm/Fv in first salinity level, respectively. LOD score was ranged in 2.52-6.67. The highest and the lowest LOD were attained for the QTLs of stem length in proportion to radicle length in free salinity condition (Q2sh/rs0) and stem length in first salinity level (Q2shs1). Mapped QTLs appear to be unstable between conditions. Therefore, gain through marker-assisted selection (MAS) in this population for salt tolerance would be inefficient.Salt stress as one of the most important abiotic stress plays an important role in the yield reduction of crop p...