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Fourteen Dorper × Pelibuey ram lambs (initial body weight [BW] = 37.4 ± 1.0 kg and age = 4.5 mo) were housed in individual pens during a 30-d feeding period, and then slaughtered to determine the effects of zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) supplementation on productive performance, carcass characteristics and wholesale cut yields. Lambs were assigned under a randomized complete block design (initial BW as blocking factor) to one of two dietary treatments: basal diet without (control) or with 10 mg daily of ZH/lamb. Lambs fed ZH had greater (P ≤ .04) final BW, average daily gain and dry matter intake, but similar (P = .24) feed efficiency compared with control lambs. Hot and cold carcass weight, dressing percentage, longissimus muscle area and leg perimeter were greater (P ≤ .05) for ZH-fed lambs than for control lambs. With exception of blood percentage which decreased (P < .01) with ZH, wholesale cut yields and non-carcass components were unaffected (P ≥ .12) by ZH supplementation. In conclusion, ZH can be used to improve growth rate and dressing percentage, but not to increase wholesale cut yields in feedlot finishing ram lambs.