-L'Emmental «Grand-Cru» français est un produit dont la fabrication est soumise à une série de contraintes incluant l'ensemble de la chaîne de production. Ces contraintes interviennent au niveau de la production des laits (absence d'ensilage), de leur transformation (fabrication au plus tard 36 h après la première traite, absence de thermisation) et de l'affinage (10 semaines minimum). L'essai de caractérisation analytique de l'Emmental «Grand-Cru» français montre que ce fromage se distingue tout au long de l'année par un profil fermentaire typiquement propionique, une lipolyse réduite et une protéolyse plus intense que le fromage d'Emmental fabriqué avec du lait thermisé. fromage d'Emmental 1 composition 1 caractérisation analytique Summary-Characterisation of French Emmental «Grand-Cru». 1. Physico-chemical composition. The production of French Emmental «Grand-Cru» manufactured in the Central Eastern part of France, is submitted to strict regulations with regard to milk production (no silage and cold storage of milk for less than 24 h}, milk processing (no heat treatment of the milk) and ripening conditions (over 10 weeks). A comprehensive physico-chemical analytical study of 54 mature cheeses performed over a period of 1 year in 18 different cheese factories, located ail over the areas of Emmental production, has shown that it is possible to characterize the Emmental «Grand-Cru» through its chemical composition. Compared to the other Emmental cheeses, the «Grand-Cru» cheeses have a lower amount of butyric acid and a higher level of acetic and isovaleric acids. Proteolysis, measured by the watersoluble and non-protein nitrogen fractions, is more important in the Emmental «Grand-Cru».
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