Clague, J. J., Mathewes, R. W., Guilbault, J.‐P., Hutchinson, I. & Ricketts, B. D. 1997 (September): Pre‐Younger Dryas resurgence of the southwestern margin of the Cordilleran ice sheet, British Columbia, Canada. Boreas, Vol. 26, pp. 261–278. Oslo. ISSN 0300–9483. A lobe of the Cordilleran ice sheet readvanced into the central Fvaser Lowland, southwestern British Columbia, Canada, on at least two occasions near the end of the last glaciation. This ice also flowed into the previously deglaciated, lower reaches of mountain valleys adjacent to the Fraser Lowland and into Washington state. The first of these advances occurred before about 11900 BP and ended with glacier retreat and the establishment of lodgepole pine forest on newly deglaciated terrain. Parts of this forest were overridden by ice during a second advance, shortly after 11300 BP. The younger advance is most likely older than the Younger Dryas Chronozone (11000–10000 BP) and may correlate with an intra‐Allerad cooling event (the Killarney‐Gerzensee oscillation). The older advance may have occurred during the Oldest Dryas or Older Dryas cold period. Non‐climatic factors could also be involved, as emergence of the Fraser Lowland before the older advance greatly reduced or eliminated calving at the glacier margin and thus altered the mass balance of the ice lobe.

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The abrupt transition from coastal and shallow shelf sediments to bathyal sediments provides a record of rapid subsidence and deepening of the early Miocene Waitemata basin. Basal shallow marine strata (Kawau Subgroup) accumulated upon a highly dissected surface that overlies deformed Mesozoic metagreywacke. The early Miocene coast was characterized by an embayed and cliffed shoreline with numerous sea stacks and islands. Kawau Subgroup lithofacies, which include pocket beach, shallow shelf and base‐of‐cliff talus deposits, reflect rapidly changing coastline configuration and water depths as the rugged bedrock surface was buried. The response to continued rapid subsidence and transgression in Waitemata basin was a decrease in the supply of coarse clastic sediment. Beach gravels were locally displaced to greater water depths by avalanching down steep bedrock slopes. The first bathyal turbidite facies, which abruptly overlie the shallow‐water Kawau Subgroup, include locally derived sediment gravity flows commonly ponded by remnant bedrock submarine highs. When this local supply of sediment had been exhausted, coarse sediment starvation ensued and bathyal muds accumulated. With the resumption of sediment supply and gradual burial of submarine bedrock relief, submarine fans coalesced and increased in lateral extent. Subsidence of the Waitemata basin to bathyal depths is thought to have occurred in less than a million years. From the above hypothesis, a general model of sedimentation is proposed.

The Eureka Sound Group, in eastern Arctic Islands, is divided into four new, lithologically distinct formations of regional extent. The oldest is the Expedition Formation of middle or late Campanian to early Paleocene age, consisting predominantly of sandstone and minor shale, that originated as wave dominated delta, barrier island and estuarine deposits; a major shale unit, the Strand Bay Formation of early to middle Paleocene age, that represents basin-wide marine transgresssion (early Paleocene), followed by regressive prodelta and shelf deposits; the Iceberg Bay Formation of middle or late Paleocene to middle Eocene age, consisting of fluvial sandstone and coal (mostly delta plain); and the stratigraphically highest unit, the Buchanan Lake Formation of middle Eocene age, possibly extending into the late Eocene, that consists of syntectonic conglomerate shed from adjacent thrust sheets, and signifying a major phase of the Eurekan Orogeny. Correlations are made with Eureka Sound strata on Bylot Island, Amund Ringnes Island, Lougheed Island, Banks Island and at Lake Hazen.

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