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This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government.

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The investigation is concerned with the elastic shell stresses occurring when vertical loads are transmitted through discrete support brackets welded to the lower hemispherical end of a cylindrical pressure vessel having its axis vertical. Three sizes of bracket were examined, and the largest was compared with a similar arrangement having an internal bracket continuous with the external one. Strain-gauge results indicated that shell stresses may be calculated by assuming that the radial deflection of the spherical shell is linearly distributed along the line of contact between bracket and shell. Conventional design methods employed in stress calculations tended to underestimate the shell stresses.It is shown that the line of application of the support reaction in relation to the centre line of the bracket is most important.

The investigation was a continuation of previous work involving the measurement of strains in the vicinity of forged rings of the type used to connect cylindrical ducts to large spherical shells. On two such rings of different shape strains were measured for the following loading conditions: internal hydraulic pressure in the vessel; axial loads applied to the nozzles; bending moments applied to the nozzles. Results for these two designs of ring, and two designs previously reported, have been compared. An approximate method of assessing elastic stresses (in such rings) due to the effect of axial loads and bending moments has been found reasonably reliable as a design method. A method previously found to give reliable predictions for the effect of internal pressure gave, for the two specimens considered here, lower estimates of maximum stress than the experimental maxima.