There is a risk of hazardous releases of CO 2 from Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) facilities and infrastructure. To predict the exposure to the environment and to perform safety assessments, reliable and efficient simulation technology for detailed prediction of CO 2 dispersion in realistic, complex environments is needed. Here the development of an advanced industrial CO 2 dispersion simulation tool based on the CFD simulator KAMELEON FIREEX KFX ® is discussed. The tool's capability of predicting CO 2 dispersion at realistic conditions has been demonstrated through relevant tests and comparisons of simulation results to experimental data from both laboratory tests and large-scale field trials.

A pool model has been developed to predict the evaporation of a liquid fuel from a surface in response to a fire. The model exists in the Fuego, Kameleon, and Vulcan fire codes. The model solves for the mass evolution based on what are thought to be the dominant input boundary conditions. Some empirical assumptions are made to predict the behavior of lower order physics. The performance of the model is evaluated by comparing predicted results with measurements for a variety of test cases in Fuego. Qualitative performance of the model is found to be reasonable. The model is found to yield quantitative results of mixed accuracy, suggesting the worth of considering improvements to the model. Evidence from the study helps indicate the future direction for improving this class of model.

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This paper describes a method to solve the spectral equation for the balance of turbulent kinetic energy in a stably stratified turbulent shear flow. The cospectra of vertical momentum and heat flux arc modelled with the aid of a basic eddy-viscosity (or turbulent exchange coefficient) function. For the term representing the inertial transfer of turbulent kinetic energy, Pao's [Phys. Fluids 8 (1965)] form is assumed. Analytical expressions for the three-dimensional kinetic energy spectrum as well as the cospectra of momentum and heat flux are obtained over the range of wave numbers k≥kb, which includes the inertial subrange kb≪k≪ks and the viscous subrange k>ks (k