Small-cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is a very rare pathology, but with a very aggressive behavior and disappointing prognosis. The literature concerning this type of cancer is scarce and physicians may encounter difficulty trying to manage it. Most articles involve the study of case series, without definite results due to the small number of patients. The present article aims at gathering the most significant articles and results in order to offer a broad perspective on the existing literature concerning this pathology.

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Narrow Band Imaging (NBI) is an optical method that helps the surgeon visualize lesions that are not always visible under white light endoscopy. First the method was used in gastroenterology, almost 10 years ago, with great success. Four years ago the optical method was transferred in the ENT (Ear Nose Throat) field and now it is available on fiber optic and rigid endoscopes. The technological advancement, the introduction of new video chips capable to produce HDTV (high definition TV) images offered the surgeon the ability to obtain high resolution, dynamic images during flexible or fixed endoscopic examination of the larynx. The aim of the paper was to evaluate the utility of the intraoperative use of NBI technology in obtaining disease free resection margins during endoscopic surgery of the larynx.