A model based on the Cahn−Hilliard formalism is used to simulate
structure formation in
thermally quenched polymer solutions in the vicinity of a glass
transition. Simulation results for the
system poly(methyl methacrylate)/cyclohexanol are correlated with
light scattering and microscopy
measurements recently reported in the literature. Good qualitative
and quantitative agreement with
experimental observations indicates the applicability of current
free-volume and thermodynamic theories
to quantify the dynamics near a glass transition. The model
accurately predicts late-stage scaling
exponents, and results show that the early stage of phase separation
occurs on time scales ≪ 1 s. Pore
growth rates based on zero-free-parameter calculations agree well with
experimental observations.
Simulations also show that quenching a phase-separated structure
below a glass transition can result in
the formation of a secondary droplet structure within the polymer-rich
phase, prior to freezing-in of the
preexisting morphology. Such secondary structures, which have also
been observed experimentally, appear
to have little or no effect on the calculated structure factor, which
is also consistent with light-scattering
measurements.
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