The S-Web technique was developed for the high-throughput production of sheet Si for low cost crystalline solar cells. A pilot unit was installed to demonstrate continuous Si ribbon growth. With this machine Si ribbons have been grown continuously at a speed of 1 m/min up to a length of 145 m; the width was 11-12 cm. A maximum pulling speed of 2 m/min has been achieved. Test solar cells of S-Web ribbons pulled with a laboratory unit have efficiencies up to > 12 %, large area standard cells have efficiencies of up to 9 , 8 8 . A module made of such standard cells had a mean cell efficiency of 9 % .
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.