In recent years, the prospective use of algae as an alternate fuel source for petroleum-based fuels has increased drastically. It has been researched extensively and proven that it can be used as a sustainable feedstock for producing green energy considering environmental safety. This article focused on the economically viable algal feedstock for the production of lipid content for its use as a feedstock for biodiesel production. For this purpose, the algal species Scenedesmus obliquus and Chlorella vulgaris were selected, and it was grown under lab and open ambient conditions with two Blue green Medium (BG-11) and Bold Basal medium (BBM). Upon the yield, it was noticed that the BG-11 medium gave optimum lipid yield for both species. Hence, it was determined that through this medium higher lipid yield can be expected, and based on the GC-MS result it was notified that it can be a viable source of alternate fuel.

The demand and usage of fossil fuels has been increasing drastically, leading us to search for alternate fuels. The sesame seed is selected as an alternate fuel source, as a focus for this research paper. The sesame biodiesel is a type of fuel that has been obtained through the transesterification process from sesame oil using base catalyst transesterification. The sesame biodiesel was blended with four different ratios B10, B20, B30 and B40, among which B20 resulted with better stability, tested in the Kirloskar 240PE VCR engine at a compression ratio of 17.5:1 and 18:1 in various loads. The FTIR test was performed on sesame biodiesel, and it has shown that ester content was present in the test sample confirming its usage as the biodiesel. The fuel properties were found for all the three: sesame oil, sesame biodiesel(B20), diesel and it was found to be within the permissible limit. The result reveals that B20 is the best possible blend that has given good results in emission characteristics. The smoke emission testing was done on AVL emission analyser. It has been noted and observed that there is good reduction in CO, CO2, and HC than with standard diesel rate at all loads. An increased amount of NOx is observed as the load increases. It was also noted among the two compression ratios, 18:1 depicted best results considering the emission levels. It is observed that the sesame biodiesel can be used in IC diesel engines with a better outcome than the standard diesel rate. Hence, the work established the need for conversion of sesame seed oil to biodiesel and also suggests that sesame oil could be effectively used as feedstock for biodiesel production.