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Background & Aims: One of the most common diseases during old age is cardiovascular disease. Heart failure is the leading cause of death, disease, hospitalization, and poor quality of life. There are different approaches for controlling heart failure, including self-care, and adherence to self-care behaviors in patients suffering from this disease is very important. People with effective self-care have a better quality of life, and mortality and readmission rates are lower among these people than those with poor self-care. Medication adherence, diet adherence, rest, improving sleep quality and life quality, knowing how to control emotions, and self-care could help control the complications and problems associated with this disease. Meanwhile, knowing how to perform self-care is very important. Despite the importance of self-care in positive health outcomes, many patients with heart failure have inadequate self-care behaviors. Considering the role of nurses in health promotion and instruction of self-care behaviors, they can plan interventions to promote the patients' self-care behaviors and consequently the quality of life in patients diagnosed with heart failure. The present study aimed to determine selfcare status in older adults diagnosed with heart failure. Materials & Methods: This article reports part of the results of a larger cross-sectional study. The study population consisted of the elderly with heart failure hospitalized in the cardiovascular intensive care units of East Guilan public hospitals in 2020. A sample of 125 patients was selected from the population via convenience sampling. The sample of the study met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria were: age 60 years and older, heart failure based on clinical signs, electrocardiography (ECG) and echocardiography showing an ejection fraction of less than 40%, functional class II to IV based on the patient medical file and the approval of a cardiologist, the ability to communicate, and informed consent to participate in the study. Patients with severe mental or cognitive impairments, history of neurological problems, cerebrovascular accidents, transient ischemic attack, short-term memory impairment or dementia, mental instability (according to medical records), inability to speak, auditory and visual impairments, and Charlson comorbidity index of 1-2 were not included in the study, and the exclusion criteria included incomplete completion of the questionnaire and unwillingness to continue collaborating in the study. The research instruments included demographic characteristics questionnaire and the self-care of heart failure index (SCHFI) questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha was used to check the reliability of the SCHFI in the present study which was 0.82. Sampling lasted from late May to December 2020. Having obtained permission from the ethics committee of Guilan University of Medical Sciences and relevant officials, the researcher referred to the mentioned medical centers, selected the research units, introduced himself, provided suf...

BACKGROUND: Identification of frailty syndrome in patients with heart failure can affect the process of the disease and their ability to self-care. Considering the lack of a study on the relationship between frailty syndrome and self-care ability in the elderly with heart failure in the Guilan province, the North of Iran, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between fertility syndrome and self-care ability in these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present cross-sectional correlational study was conducted in 2020. Research settings were the CCU and post CCU wards in the East Guilan public hospitals. The sample size was 125 people who were selected by the convenience sampling method. The research tools include; Self-Care Heart Failure Index and Tilburg Frailty Index Questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20 using descriptive and inferential statistics with a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS: The results showed that the mean score of frailty syndrome in the elderly with heart failure was 5.44 ± 2.47. In addition, the mean score of self-care in the elderly with heart failure was 67.16 ± 10.96. There was a significant and negative correlation between frailty syndrome and the ability to care in the elderly with heart failure (P < 0.001, r = −0.358). CONCLUSIONS: According to the results, the elderly with fragility syndrome cannot take good care of themselves. This indicates that in the management of heart failure, the assessment of frailty syndrome as a care/treatment goal in the care programs of these patients should be considered.

Background & Objectives: The use of complex sampling designs in data collection of some studies such as case-control studies is becoming common, yet this method has often been ignored in analysis. Ordinary logistic regression is used to estimate the coefficients of model, instead. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the fitting of weighted logistic regression compared to that of ordinary (OLR) and post stratified (PSLR) logistic regression. Materials and Methods: The data used in this study were collected using complex sampling method among urban women in four provinces of Iran. Age, educational level, BMI, marital age, number of pregnancies and abortions, total and vaginal number of deliveries were considered in this research. Dependent variable was pelvic organ prolapse. Ordinary, post-stratified and weighted logistic regression was fitted to the data. To compare models' goodness of fit, ROC curve analysis was used. Results: In post-stratified and weighted methods the standard errors of estimates were almost equal and both larger than that of ordinary method. In ordinary method, number of vaginal deliveries, age, employment and BMI showed statistically significant association with prolapsed pelvic. Area under ROC curve in ordinary, post-stratified and weighted methods obtained as 0.75, 0.72 and 0.73, respectively. Conclusion: Results showed that although weighting reduces the bias of estimates by adjusting sampling errors, it does not necessarily shrink their variance.