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The first collection of a macrofungal agaric species, with morphological features similar to already described Anamika species, has been found in association with animal bones in north Queensland, Australia. This species also shares features with several, commonly occurring and previously described Australian Hebeloma species. An integrated morphological and molecular study has resulted in the conclusion that all Anamika species belong in Hebeloma. As a result, already described species of Anamika are recombined as H. indicum (K.A. Thomas, Peintner, M.M. Moser and Manim.) B.J. Rees & Orlovich, H. angustilamellatum (Zhu L. Yang and Z.W. Ge) B.J. Rees & Orlovich and H. lactariolens (Clémençon and Hongo) B.J. Rees & Orlovich. A. phylogenetic tree based on ribosomal ITS sequences examines the relationship of these species with other Hebeloma species from both hemispheres. Four new species, Hebeloma youngii B.J. Rees, H. nothofagetorum B.J. Rees, H. subvictoriense B.J. Rees, H. lacteocoffeatum B.J. Rees, and one form, H. aminophilum f. hygrosarx B.J. Rees, are described as new from Australia.

SUMMARY A basidiomycete isolated from a mycorrhiza of glasshouse‐crown Pisonia grandis R. Br. (Nyctaginaceae) produced sheathing mycorrhizas with transfer ceils when inoculated on to roofs of Pisonia grandis in pots. Mycorrhizal synthesis was successful on Pisonia grandis in sterilized natural soil rich in phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium and calcium, but unsuccessful in a range of other substrates of low nutrient status. The same fungus produced ectomycorrhizas, with a sheath and some intercellular penetration, on short lateral runts of Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr (Pinaceae) seedling in growth pouches, but did not on Eucalyptus pilularis Smith (Myrtaceae).

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