This paper examines problems in the assessment of intelligence using standardized intelligence tests with culturally different children, for a sample of Canadian Inuit (Eskimo) children whose WISC-R scores, using the original WISC-R norms, would fall below a scaled score of 70. Ysseldyke and Algozzine (1982) identified three major reasons for a legitimate concern with bias in assessment, namely, that United States society evaluates a person's worth in terms of presumed intelligence, that different racial groups achieve different average intelligence test scores, and that there is a disproportionate minority student representation in special education classes. Addressing the inadequacy of models which have been developed to evaluate test fairness, the above authors concluded: "It is readily apparent that major measurement experts have been unable to agree on a definition of a fair test, let alone a test that is fair for members of different groups" (p. 130).Ysseldyke and Algozzine went on to say: "Abuse is evident in many areas related to the assessment of children and includes (1) inappropriate and indiscriminate use of tests; (2) bias in the assessment of handicapped children and in the identification as handicapped of children who are not; (3) bias throughout the decision-making process; and (4) bias following assessment" (p. 131). They emphasized that three characteristics -norms, reliability, and validity -determine the technical adequacy of tests. For many tests, evidence of reliability and validity is inadequate, and the assumption that the acculturation of the individual being assessed is comparable to that of the standardization group is false.The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children -Revised (WISC-R) (Wechsler, 1974) was standardized according to U.S. census information for the variables of age, sex, race, geographic region, urban-rural residence, and occupational group membership of the head of household, with the sample limited to "normal" children. Salvia and Ysseldyke (1985) noted that, whereas the reliability evidence