Background: Aim of this study was to study effect of oral 25% dextrose for pain relief in newborns undergoing venepuncture.Methods: This is a case control study conducted in NICU, Cheluvamba hospital attached to Mysore medical college and research institute during the period between September 2018 to November 2018. Babies with gestational age between 34 to 40 weeks of gestation who had clinical indication for blood sampling were included in the study. Neonates who are critically ill, suffered perinatal asphyxia and having congenital anomalies were excluded from the study. Hundred newborn babies admitted to NICU who had clinical indication for blood sampling were enrolled in the study. Study population were divided into 2 groups, dextrose (cases) and non-dextrose group (controls). The data analysis included gestational age, postnatal age, weight, sex, heart rate, oxygen saturation, crying time and behavioural pain assessment.Results: Mean pain score, crying time and heart rate at 5 minutes of venepuncture were studied in both the groups. Mean pain score in dextrose group was 2.68 and in non-dextrose group was 7.18 with significant p value of 0.0062. Mean crying time in dextrose group was 8.98 minutes and in non-dextrose group was 42 minutes with significant p value of 0.001. Mean heart rate in dextrose group was 142 beats/minute and in non-dextrose group was 146bpm with p value of 0.08.Conclusions: Pain in the newborns should be recognised and adequately treated. Lingual 25% dextrose can be used as safe and effective analgesia in neonates undergoing minor invasive procedures like venepuncture.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder. Early institution of treatment is necessary to prevent complications. Since treatment of diabetes requires lifetime therapy; this study is designed to understand the prescription trends at Non Communicable Disease clinic set up and to provide rationale.Methods: This cross-sectional, observational study was conducted over a period of 2 months (May 2017- June 2017). Details of demographic data, duration and family history of diabetes, antidiabetic medications prescribed, history of comorbid diseases and drugs prescribed by physician for the treatment of comorbid diseases were collected in a structured format. Height and weight were recorded, and body mass index was calculated.Results: Study population included 294 patients and patients in the age groups of 40-59 years formed the bulk. 39% patients were overweight and 19.39% were obese. 93.20% patients were prescribed with metformin. 37 patients received insulin injection. 64.29% received more than one antidiabetic drug. Hypertension (82.05%) was the most common comorbid disease. Amlodipine was the most commonly prescribed antihypertensive drug.Conclusions: Metformin was the most commonly prescribed antidiabetic drug. Utilization of newer antidiabetic drug is inferior. Use of rationale fixed dose combination improves patient compliance.