The rapid growth of demand for poultry products requires its sufficient production by specialized farms of various forms of ownership. However, such production needs are not always adequate to the selection approach, the incubation component, the basic requirements of veterinary and sanitary and zoohygienic support, breed and age characteristics of keeping and raising poultry. Therefore, one of the crucial components of obtaining biologically complete, high-quality and fast-paying products of the poultry industry, including all stages of its production, is human support of the main links of ontogenesis (development after birth) of the bird. The issue of not only the creation of the genetic potential of the parent bird of different species and areas of productivity, but also the provision of veterinary and sanitary conditions for their maintenance, breeding and breeding remains relevant. However, the current economic conditions have forced the heads of enterprises and veterinary departments to some extent bypass the planned laboratory tests of feed, water and blood, which, although not complete, but informative enough to trace the main periods of growth and development of the bird. Slight deterioration of the mode and quality of feeding, changes in the parameters of the microclimate are reflected in changes in blood parameters. And what about the spoilage of feed, water, violation of veterinary and sanitary maintenance of poultry: the lack of preventive treatments with vitamin-mineral, hepatoprotective and enzyme preparations, pre- and probiotics. Which can lead to metabolic disorders in poultry. Which can occur due to disorders of protein, lipid, carbohydrate, vitamin, macro- and micromineral metabolism. As a result, there are significantly popular diseases such as: uric acid diathesis, cannibalism, osteoporosis and osteomalacia, perosis, rickets, obesity, E-hypovitaminosis. Further reducing productivity, which leads to large economic losses on farms.
Culling due to poor condition, weight loss, mortalityand, as a result, economic losses due to perosa, accordingto various estimates, 1-5% of the group of birds. Due to thedysfunction of the limbs, the bird can suffer from a numberof diseases. Lack of essential nutrients play an important rolein the development of perosis in poultry. Often in farms dueto cost savings, reduce the cost of feed for broilers, which inturn can lead to metabolic disorders in poultry. Therefore, thediagnosis of these disorders requires new approaches. Modernscience is increasingly inclined to non-invasive diagnosis ofmetabolic pathologies. In human medicine, nails and hair areused to study persistent micronutrient deficiencies. And inveterinary medicine in the study of micronutrient deficienciesas a method of non-invasive diagnosis using animal hair.According to the results of our research, theconcentrations of microelements (Zn, Mn) in the feathers of14, 21 and 28-days-old clinically healthy and feathery broilerchickens were determined. On day 14 of the disease, theconcentration of Zinc and Manganese in broiler chickens withperosis was 65.6 ± 2.73 and 17.4 ± 0.79 μg / g, which wasprobably higher than in clinically healthy birds 46.5 ± 1.57(p <0.001) and 10.9 ± 0.80 (p <0.001) μg / g. Analyzing the indicators of micronutrients in the clawsof patients with feathers of broiler chickens of 28 days ofage, the content of Manganese was 10.2 ± 0.51 μg / g, whichis probably less than in clinically healthy birds 15.7 ± 0.97μg / g (p < 0.01). The concentration of zinc in the claws ofhealthy birds is 127.6 ± 3.65 μg / g, which tended to increasecompared to that in healthy birds - 98.3 ± 5.40 μg / g.The results of the analysis show that in birds with signs ofperosis, Zinc and Manganese accumulate in higher concentrations in the feathers compared to clinically healthy chickens. Inturn, the concentration of these elements in the claws in chickens with feathers relative to healthy birds of the group decreases. Key words: trace elements, non-invasive diagnostics,metabolic pathologies, avian.
Health and performance management systems should focus on early detection and subsequent prevention of physiological imbalances in dairy herds. Therefore, the need for constant monitoring of the state of health of cows of various physiological and technological groups, in particular markers of protein metabolism, is urgent. The content of total protein in blood serum of deep-bodied cows and heifers was established in the range of 58.3–102.7 g/l (77.2± 0.48 g/l). Disorders of its metabolism were diagnosed in 35.4% of animals, and in most of them (20.4%), mainly in heifers, it was manifested by hypoproteinemia. The optimal content of albumins was established in 81.2% of the studied herd with an average value of 41.1± 0.26%, including in 74.6% of dry cows and in 91.7% of heifers. Hypoalbuminemia was diagnosed in an average of 18.8% of animals, including in 25.4% of cows and in 8.3% of heifers. In dry cows, the pathology arose mainly as a result of the development of dystrophic processes in the liver in the previous lactation periods, in heifers, primarily due to a protein deficiency in the diet. In 72.2% of the studied animals, 40–10 days before the expected birth, there are no violations of the colloidal stability of coarsely dispersed proteins. In 14.1% of blood serum samples, the test was weakly positive (++), in 11.5% - positive (+++) and strongly positive (++++). In another 2.2% of cows, the formation of a dense clot of a milky white color in the test tube was ascertained already after 4–7 hours. after the reaction (the test is hyperpositive - +++++). Optimal values of urea metabolism in blood serum were established in 48.1% of dry cows and in 55.0% of heifers (3.53± 0.043 mmol/l; 1.82–6.80). A decrease in its content was diagnosed in 49.7 and 45.0% of animals, respectively. The metabolism of creatinine in blood serum was optimal in 94.8% of the examined dry cows and in 94.1% of the heifers, and its values were within the reference values. Hypercreatininemia was diagnosed in 5.4% of the studied animal population, which can probably be caused by the development of dystrophic processes in the glomeruli of the kidneys. Key words: metabolism, diagnostics, proteins, albumins, urea, creatinine, liver, deep-bodied cows, heifers.
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