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Current underground mining scenario is inclining towards mechanized drilling and blasting since it proves advantageous in many ways like controlled excavation profile, limited ground vibrations and better ground control, higher rates of advance, enhanced mine development rates besides maintaining a balance in overall economics of the project. Considering the challenges posed by varied geological conditionsencountered in mining and civil engineering excavations, application of mechanized drilling and blasting technique still dominates. In order to meet the existing mineral demands, the development rates need to be maximized. To attain such development rates, there is an increased drill requirement which calls for an uninterrupted, consistent and a reliable drill system in place.Drilling is further affected by uncontrollable parameters like geological properties, rock structure and in-situ stresses, and controllable parameters like thrust, rpm, feed, flushing, operator's skill, working conditions, etc. Different rock drillability models have been reviewed in this paper to understand the influence of various key parameters influencing drill rates. However, it is interesting to note that not many of the drillability models consider the geology, rock drillability, machine (design and operational), bit parameters, in-situ stresses and working conditions all together. A case study of an underground hard rock mine is presented describing a mechanized drilling system for a development heading with a dimension of 3.6 m in width and 3.0 m in height using a rotary percussive electro-hydraulic drill jumbo. In order to meet a development rate of 3,600 meters per annum in a single mine, drill bits alone costs around Rs. 31.5 Lacs apart from other drilling expenses which is in fact a huge capital investment for any industry. This stresses on detailed research in this area and development of a comprehensive generalized model accounting for the key influencing variables.

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Experiments were carried out to determine the microstrength of different high ash coke samples obtained from 2 and 250kg ovens. Microstrength of coke is determined using small quantity of sample (50 m/) with small samplesize (3)(4)(5)(6)

With the advancement of science and technology, humans endeavored to build massive structures, both on and sub – surface taking the advantage of physico-mechanical properties of the construction materials like concrete, steel, wood, rock, etc. Quality is the standard of something as measured against other things of a similar kind. The term itself is subjective until and unless quantified, can’t be controlled. Instrumentation plays a major role to quantify the quality of materials and check if the resources meet the requirements of the structural design. Several types of instruments are developed and used world-wide in different structures to monitor water pressure, seepage, movements, vibration, temperature, stress, strain and other significant parameters. The role of instrumentation specialist lies in understanding the dominating phenomena in the planned structure, designing the instrumentation network, monitoring schedules and timely analysis for cautioning the engineers, designers, quality personnel and the project management to have a check on construction measures vis-à-vis structural performance.