Differential cross sections (DCSs) for electron-impact excitation of the 4f146s6p 1P1 resonance state of ytterbium were measured at 10, 20, 40, 60 and 80 eV incident electron energies (E0) and scattering angles (θ) between 2° and 150°. The absolute DCS scale for the 1P1 state was determined through normalization of its relative DCSs to the optical oscillator strength using the forward scattering function method. DCSs for elastic electron scattering by ytterbium were measured at the same energies for θ between 10° and 150°. Elastic-to-inelastic intensity ratios were obtained from energy-loss spectra recorded with overall energy resolution of 65 meV (FWHM) and angular resolution of 1.5°. Both inelastic and elastic DCSs were extrapolated to 0° and 180° and numerically integrated to yield integral, momentum transfer and viscosity cross sections. Our results are compared with scarce experimental and theoretical data.

Absolute differential cross sections (DCSs) for elastic electron scattering by a magnesium atom at incident electron energies of 10, 15, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 eV have been experimentally derived. The scattered electron intensities were measured over a wide range of scattering angles (θ) from 10° to 150°. The elastic-to-inelastic (3s3p 1P1 resonance state) intensity ratios at θ = 10° were measured separately. These ratios and DCSs for the resonance state (by Filipović et al 2006 Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 251 66) were applied for the normalization. The absolute DCSs were extrapolated to 0° and 180° and then integrated to yield integral cross sections. The results were analysed and compared with available experimental data and theoretical calculations.

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Differential cross sections (DCS) for electron-impact excitation of the 3s3p 1P1 state in magnesium at incident electron energies E0 = 10, 15, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 eV have been measured and corresponding calculations carried out. Scattered-electron intensities were measured over a wide range of scattering angles (10°–150°) and normalized to the DCSs at 10° experimentally obtained by Filipović et al (2006 Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 251 66). Corresponding calculations have been conducted in the relativistic distorted-wave approximation. Integrated (integral, momentum transfer and viscosity) cross sections are determined by numerical integration of our DCSs. The results are analysed and compared with previous experimental data and theoretical calculations.