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Introduction: Dysfunctional uterine bleeding constitutes a considerable problem for many women causing discomfort and decreased quality of life. About 10-15% of women experience episodes of DUB at sometime during the reproductive years of their lives. Annually 5-19% of women seek medical care. It accounts for more than 25% of all hysterectomies. A wide range of treatment modalities are available. Objectives: To study efficacy of oral ormeloxifene and levonorgestrel IUCD in terms of blood loss, endometrial thickness, hemoglobin concentration and to evaluate side effects in DUB. Methods: 80 women presenting with dysfunctional uterine bleeding were allocated to 2 equal groups, group1: received 60mg oral ormeloxifene twice a week for 12 weeks and once a week for next 12 weeks. Group 2: received levonorgestrel IUCD. The primary outcomes were reduction in menstrual blood loss (measured by fall in PBAC score), rise in hemoglobin levels, decrease in endometrial thickness. The follow up was done at 3 rd and 6 th month. Results: This study shows significant reduction in PBAC scores with use of ormeloxifene (P=<0.001) and also with Levonorgestrel IUCD (P=<0.001), hence reduction in blood loss. Significant increase in hemoglobin concentration with ormeloxifene (P=<0.001) and levonorgestrel IUCD (P=0.002) and decrease in endometrial thickness with ormeloxifene (P=<0.001) and levonorgestrel IUCD (P=<0.001). No statistical significant between the two groups. Conclusion: Both ormeloxifene and levonorgestrel IUCD are equally efficacious and safe. Ormeloxifene is preferred for treatment of DUB as it is easy to administer and cheap compared to levonorgestrel IUCD which is costly and with few side effects like spotting, which makes patient apprehensive.

Introduction:Pregnancy and child birth though considered as physiological process can become lethal for any woman. Childbirth was considered as rebirth to a woman in olden era. The atmost duty of an Obstetrician is to identify the abnormal events at the earliest, intervene appropriately and avoid the catastrophe. The importance of partogram is to prevent the maternal and perinatal complications. The World Health Organisation has simplified the partogram for its use by skilled birth attendants. Aims and Objectives: To study the progress and outcome of labour using modified WHO partogram in pontaneous labour in primigravidas. Materials and Methods:A cross sectional study of 200 women primigravidas admitted to Sree Siddhartha Medical College from December 2016 to November 2017 with spontaneous onset of labour at term with no high risk factors were recruited for the study using modified WHO Partogram. Augmentation of labour requirement, duration of active labour, mode of delivery, maternal and perinatal outcome were studied. Patients were divided into 2 groups -Group 1 and Group 2. Group 1-cervical dilatation and descent curve falling to the left of the alert line. Group 2-cervical dilatation and descent curve falling to the right of the alert line. Though Group 3 with women to right of action line was planned, there were no patients in group 3. Results: Most women belonged to age group of 21-25 years. The mean gestational age was 38.2 weeks. In Group 1, the mean duration of active phase of first stage of labour was 4.52±0.10 hours, where as it was 5.94±1.46 hours in Group 2. In Group 2, the mean duration of second stage of labour was 45.44±1.94 mins but it was 34.42±16.41mins in Group 1study subjects. Mean rate of cervical dilatation is 1.2 cm/hr. Seventy seven percent had normal delivery, 11% had caesarean delivery and 12% had instrumental delivery. Patient crossing the alert line had longer duration of labour. Augmentation was significantly higher in Group 2 (92.3%) than in Group 1 (67.8%). In the study group, there were no maternal and perinatal deaths. Conclusion:The partograph is an inexpensive and easily accessible tool that can effectively monitor the progress of labour. The WHO simplified partograph is highly useful in identifying when to intervene and also reduces perinatal and maternal mishaps.

Background: A pregnant teenager ‘’A child in child”as to meet the growing demands of fetus in additionto her own growing needs, thus putting her in a stressful situation. Teenage pregnancy is dangerous forthe mother, child and the community. Medical complications such as preterm labor, pregnancy-inducedhypertension, anemia and low birth weight babies are strongly associated with adolescent pregnancy. Suchpregnancies are seen mostly amongst the poorer and less educated sections of the society.Aim: To evaluate the maternal and perinatal outcome in teenage pregnancy in a tertiary care center.Objectives: To compare the maternal and perinatal outcome in teenage and adult pregnanciesDesign: A prospective studySetting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sri Siddhartha medical college, Tumkur.Materials and Method: This study was undertaken at Sri Siddhartha medical college and hospital researchcentre tumakuru between October 2018 to October 2020, among the married pregnant women visiting toantenatal OPD and inpatients in the department of the OBG between 18 to 19 yrs as per the inclusion andexclusion criteria.Results: Teenage pregnancy may cause a significant obstetric complication Anaemia, preterm delivery,prom, pph, low birth weight babies, NICU admissions, respiratory distress syndrome were found to behigher among teenage mothers when compared to adult mothers.Conclusion: Teenage pregnancy was associated with increased incidence of anaemia and contract ed pelvis.Consequently there were higher incidence of lscs and PPH. There was in creased incidence of low birthweight babies, RDS, NICU admissions among the ba bies born to teenage mothers. Teenage pregnancy isassociated with increased mater nal and perinatal morbidity

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